{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:36:27Z","timestamp":1787009787747,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A survey was used to gather information regarding airway management patterns in thermally injured children. North American pediatric burn centers listed by the American Burn Association were sent a survey designed to examine patterns of pediatric airway management in children with acute respiratory failure. The sample population means for the number of patients ventilated more than 48 hours and the number of patients ventilated more than 48 hours with inhalation injury were used to separate centers into large and small pediatric burn centers. Small pediatric burn centers had less than 50 patients who were intubated during a 5-year period. A five-point nominal scale was used to facilitate statistical analysis. Twenty-five pediatric burn centers included in the analysis estimated that 11,494 children were admitted during the 5-year period. There was no statistically dominant ventilator mode being used in the setting of acute respiratory failure identified by this survey. Large pediatric burn centers reported more frequent use of cuffed endotracheal tubes and more frequent change from an uncuffed to a cuffed endotracheal tube in patients who were difficult to ventilate because of an excess leak. Large pediatric burn centers reported a higher prevalence of tracheomalacia then small pediatric burn centers. Steroids were used by most centers before extubation in patients with persistent airway edema. No centers reported complications from steroid use. There is lack of clear consensus regarding the application of various ventilator modes in the setting of acute respiratory failure irrespective of center volume. There were divergent of practice patterns between large and small pediatric burn centers regarding the use of cuffed endotracheal tubes and the timing of tracheostomy. There was agreement between large and small pediatric burn centers in tracheostomy use in children older the age of 7 and the use of steroids as an adjunct to extubation in patients with lingering airway edema. Pediatric burn patients may benefit from clinical trials that clarify the advantages and disadvantages of various ventilator modes, the use of cuffed tubes, and the timing of tracheostomy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bcr.0000138294.39313.6b","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,7]],"date-time":"2004-09-07T19:16:48Z","timestamp":1094584608000},"page":"435-440","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["A Survey of Airway and Ventilator Management Strategies in North American Pediatric Burn Units"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Geoffrey M.","family":"Silver","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Burn, Shock, Trauma Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago"},{"name":"Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carter","family":"Freiburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcia","family":"Halerz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burn, Shock, Trauma Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Tojong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathy","family":"Supple","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard L.","family":"Gamelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burn, Shock, Trauma Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago"},{"name":"Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","reference":[{"key":"2022030915132112400_R1-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-199909000-00011","article-title":"Acute respiratory failure that complicates the resuscitation of pediatric patients with scald injuries.","volume":"20","author":"Zak","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"2022030915132112400_R2-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-199903000-00030","article-title":"Pediatric burn patients with the use of extracorporeal life support.","volume":"20","author":"Kane","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"2022030915132112400_R3-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199601000-00016","article-title":"Pulmonary complications in inhalation injuries with associated cutaneous burn.","volume":"40","author":"Darling","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"2022030915132112400_R4-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198701000-00015","article-title":"The influence of inhalation injury and pneumonia on burn mortality.","volume":"205","author":"Shirani","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2022030915132112400_R5-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199712000-00005","article-title":"Early prediction of prolonged ventilator dependence in thermally injured patients.","volume":"43","author":"Sellers","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"2022030915132112400_R6-11","volume-title":"Biostatistical analysis.","author":"Zar","year":"1984","edition":"2nd"},{"key":"2022030915132112400_R7-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1990.01410170084018","article-title":"The differential effect of corticosteroids on wound disruption strength in mice.","volume":"125","author":"Dostal","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"2022030915132112400_R8-11","first-page":"266","article-title":"The effects of different corticosteroids on the healing colon anastomosis and cecum in a rat model.","volume":"63","author":"Eubanks","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"2022030915132112400_R9-11","first-page":"v","article-title":"The evidence based guidelines group. 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Evidence based medicine: a new approach to teaching the practice of medicine.","volume-title":"JAMA","year":"1992"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Burn Care &amp; Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbcr\/article-pdf\/25\/5\/435\/23047546\/00004630-200409000-00011.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbcr\/article-pdf\/25\/5\/435\/23047546\/00004630-200409000-00011.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]],"date-time":"2022-03-09T10:27:56Z","timestamp":1646821676000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbcr\/article\/25\/5\/435\/4733851"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,1]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.bcr.0000138294.39313.6b","relation":{},"ISSN":["0273-8481","1534-5939"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0273-8481","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-5939","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2004,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,1]]}}}