{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T16:19:14Z","timestamp":1785860354330,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/01.bor.0000218942.12236.74","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,30]],"date-time":"2006-03-30T05:15:26Z","timestamp":1143695726000},"page":"236-241","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Advances in the therapy of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Alan N","family":"Baer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.61.1.132","article-title":"Polymyositis: an ongoing discussion about a disease entity","volume":"61","author":"Bronner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"R2-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197502132920706","article-title":"Polymyositis and dermatomyositis (first of two parts)","volume":"292","author":"Bohan","year":"1975","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R3-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197502202920807","article-title":"Polymyositis and dermatomyositis (second of two parts)","volume":"292","author":"Bohan","year":"1975","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R4-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-857X(02)00021-2","article-title":"Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: epidemiology, classification, and diagnostic criteria","volume":"28","author":"Mastaglia","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"R5-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14368-1","article-title":"Polymyositis and dermatomyositis","volume":"362","author":"Dalakas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R6-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1097\/01.md.0000173991.74008.b0","article-title":"Novel classification of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies based on overlap syndrome features and autoantibodies: analysis of 100 French Canadian patients","volume":"84","author":"Troyanov","year":"2005","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"R7-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2004.02.006","article-title":"119th ENMC international workshop: trial design in adult idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, with the exception of inclusion body myositis, 10\u201312 October 2003, Naarden, The Netherlands","volume":"14","author":"Hoogendijk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuromuscul Disord"},{"key":"R8-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(86)80180-0","article-title":"Mononuclear cells in myopathies: quantitation of functionally distinct subsets, recognition of antigen-specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity in some diseases, and implications for the pathogenesis of the different inflammatory myopathies","volume":"17","author":"Engel","year":"1986","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"R9-4-20210128","first-page":"240","article-title":"Inclusion body myositis","volume":"25","author":"Yunis","year":"1971","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"R10-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199111000-00002","article-title":"A new approach to the classification of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy: myositis-specific autoantibodies define useful homogeneous patient groups","volume":"70","author":"Love","year":"1991","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"R11-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199111213252107","article-title":"Polymyositis, dermatomyositis and inclusion-body myositis","volume":"325","author":"Dalakas","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R12-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14862-3","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for polymyositis and dermatomyositis","volume":"362","author":"Miller","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R13-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.329.7480.1464","article-title":"Polymyositis, invasion of non-necrotic muscle fibres, and the art of repetition","volume":"329","author":"Hengstman","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R14-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.61.3.316","article-title":"Polymyositis: an overdiagnosed entity","volume":"61","author":"van der Meulen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R15-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-134-12-200106190-00008","article-title":"Incidence of malignant disease in biopsy-proven inflammatory myopathy: a population-based cohort study","volume":"134","author":"Buchbinder","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"R16-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-003-1027-y","article-title":"Necrotising myopathy, an unusual presentation of a steroid-responsive myopathy","volume":"250","author":"Bronner","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"R17-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.61.3.288","article-title":"Unicorns, dragons, polymyositis, and other mythological beasts","volume":"61","author":"Amato","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R19-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bor.0000143441.27065.bc","article-title":"Is it really myositis? A consideration of the differential diagnosis","volume":"16","author":"Nirmalananthan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"R20-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20279","article-title":"Molecular diagnosis of inheritable neuromuscular disorders. Part II: Application of genetic testing in neuromuscular disease","volume":"31","author":"Greenberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"R21-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.10104","article-title":"Laboratory diagnosis of metabolic myopathies","volume":"25","author":"Vladutiu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"R22-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bor.0000141925.21941.d8","article-title":"Myositis: an update on pathogenesis","volume":"16","author":"Christopher-Stine","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"R23-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20041367","article-title":"Enhanced autoantigen expression in regenerating muscle cells in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy","volume":"201","author":"Casciola-Rosen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"R24-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/40.11.1262","article-title":"Proposed preliminary core set measures for disease outcome assessment in adult and juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies","volume":"40","author":"Miller","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"R25-4-20210128","first-page":"603","article-title":"Defining clinical improvement in adult and juvenile myositis","volume":"30","author":"Rider","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"R26-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg427","article-title":"International consensus outcome measures for patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: development and initial validation of myositis activity and damage indices in patients with adult onset disease","volume":"43","author":"Isenberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"R27-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20349","article-title":"International consensus on preliminary definitions of improvement in adult and juvenile myositis","volume":"50","author":"Rider","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R28-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2607","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21291","article-title":"International consensus guidelines for trials of therapies in the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies","volume":"52","author":"Oddis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R29-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-005-0059-y","article-title":"Outcomes and disease activity measures for assessing treatments in the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies","volume":"7","author":"Oddis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"key":"R30-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg403","article-title":"Preliminary core sets of measures for disease activity and damage assessment in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus and juvenile dermatomyositis","volume":"42","author":"Ruperto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"R31-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20179","article-title":"Validation and clinical significance of the Childhood Myositis Assessment Scale for assessment of muscle function in the juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies","volume":"50","author":"Huber","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R32-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1159\/000070852","article-title":"Successful treatment of dermatomyositis and polymyositis with anti-tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha: preliminary observations","volume":"50","author":"Hengstman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"R33-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1159\/000079547","article-title":"Treatment of dermatomyositis and polymyositis with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha: long-term follow-up","volume":"52","author":"Hengstman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"R34-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh285","article-title":"Refractory adult dermatomyositis with pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis treated with infliximab","volume":"43","author":"Selva-O'Callaghan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"R35-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh226","article-title":"Successful treatment of alveolar hypoventilation due to dermatomyositis with anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha","volume":"43","author":"Korkmaz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"R36-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh079","article-title":"Refractory polymyositis responding to infliximab: extended follow-up","volume":"43","author":"Labioche","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"R37-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh062","article-title":"Treatment of myositis with etanercept (Enbrel), a recombinant human soluble fusion protein of TNF-alpha type II receptor and IgG1","volume":"43","author":"Sprott","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"R38-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh268","article-title":"Refractory polymyositis responding to infliximab","volume":"43","author":"Uthman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"R39-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/41.10.1194","article-title":"Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a patient with refractory dermatomyositis which had been treated with infliximab","volume":"41","author":"Roddy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"R40-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh499","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil (CellCept): an alternative therapy for autoimmune inflammatory myopathy","volume":"44","author":"Majithia","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"R41-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.03.020","article-title":"Self-resolution of Epstein-Barr virus-associated B-cell lymphoma in a patient with dermatomyositis following withdrawal of mycophenolate mofetil and methotrexate","volume":"51","author":"Waldman","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"R42-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2439","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21240","article-title":"Treatment of antisynthetase-associated interstitial lung disease with tacrolimus","volume":"52","author":"Wilkes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R43-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1080\/08916930500124023","article-title":"Polymyositis\/dermatomyositis and interstitial lung disease: a new therapeutic approach with T-cell-specific immunosuppressants","volume":"38","author":"Takada","year":"2005","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"R44-4-20210128","first-page":"707","article-title":"Favorable outcomes with tacrolimus in two patients with refractory interstitial lung disease associated with polymyositis\/dermatomyositis","volume":"23","author":"Ochi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"R45-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg040","article-title":"Interstitial lung disease associated with juvenile dermatomyositis: clinical features and efficacy of cyclosporin A","volume":"42","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"R46-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-002-0675-0","article-title":"A case of dermatomyositis complicated with pneumomediastinum successfully treated with cyclosporin A","volume":"22","author":"Kuroda","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"R47-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-004-0865-z","article-title":"Efficacy of tacrolimus in treatment of polymyositis associated with myasthenia gravis","volume":"23","author":"Shimojima","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"R48-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.05.044","article-title":"Rapamycin (sirolimus) as a steroid-sparing agent in dermatomyositis","volume":"52","author":"Nadiminti","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"R49-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2004.03.018","article-title":"Tacrolimus-associated myositis: a case report in a renal transplant patient","volume":"36","author":"Orlandi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"R50-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20849","article-title":"Rituximab in the treatment of dermatomyositis: an open-label pilot study","volume":"52","author":"Levine","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R51-4-20210128","first-page":"1369","article-title":"Efficacy of rituximab in refractory polymyositis","volume":"32","author":"Lambotte","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"R52-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.029694","article-title":"Tolerance and short term efficacy of rituximab in 43 patients with systemic autoimmune diseases","volume":"64","author":"Gottenberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R53-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh082","article-title":"Intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse therapy in juvenile dermatomyositis: a review of efficacy and safety","volume":"43","author":"Riley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"R54-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1080\/03009740310002542","article-title":"Successful treatment of dermatomyositis-related rapidly progressive interstitial pneumonitis with sequential oral cyclophosphamide and azathioprine","volume":"32","author":"Mok","year":"2003","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"R55-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20913","article-title":"Pregnant patient with dermatomyositis successfully treated with intravenous immunoglobulin therapy","volume":"53","author":"Mosca","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R56-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg318","article-title":"Pregnancy outcome in adult-onset idiopathic inflammatory myopathy","volume":"42","author":"Silva","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"R57-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000071852.27182.C7","article-title":"Anti-T-lymphocyte globulin treatment in inclusion body myositis: a randomized pilot study","volume":"61","author":"Lindberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R58-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000134675.98525.79","article-title":"Randomized pilot trial of high-dose INF-1a in patients with inclusion body myositis.","volume":"63","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R59-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-005-0063-2","article-title":"Exercise: an important component of treatment in the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies","volume":"7","author":"Alexanderson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"key":"R60-4-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21185","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of submaximal eccentric strength training for a subject with polymyositis","volume":"53","author":"Harris-Love","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"}],"container-title":["Current Opinion in Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/01.bor.0000218942.12236.74","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T15:23:05Z","timestamp":1785856985000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00002281-200605000-00004"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.bor.0000218942.12236.74","relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-8711"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-8711","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]}}}