{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T20:40:10Z","timestamp":1748292010159,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Addict Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Treatment of opioid use disorder with methadone is highly effective. Methadone is dispensed from opioid treatment programs under regulated circumstances. However, diversion of take-home doses can occur and is difficult to detect. We wanted to test the application of a handheld ultraviolet light absorption spectrometer to detect the concentration of methadone in take-home bottles that were suspected of being altered by the patient.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Standardized dilutions of methadone hydrochloride oral concentrate were used to calibrate absorption wavelengths and then compared to take homes from suspected and unsuspected bottles to see if measured concentrations differed from expected doses.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Ten standardized \u201ccontrol\u201d doses were analyzed to determine 99% confidence intervals. These were compared to 104 samples \u201cnot-of-concern\u201d obtained randomly over a 10-month period. An additional 103 methadone bottles of concern from 27 patients showed 15 bottles with &lt;25<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">%<\/jats:italic> and 8 with &lt;75<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">%<\/jats:italic> of expected concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A handheld, low-cost ultraviolet light spectrometer detected altered take-home doses of methadone. This assay presents a simple and effective method for methadone clinics to perform inhouse analysis on \u201ccall back\u201d methadone doses. It allows individual clinics to define diversion rates of their patient body, while allowing state and federal agencies to better understand how much prescribed methadone is diverted for illicit uses.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/adm.0000000000000990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]],"date-time":"2022-03-08T12:32:53Z","timestamp":1646742773000},"page":"671-677","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Simple, Rapid Spectrophotometric Assay of Dispensed Methadone for Diversion Control"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"John R.","family":"Brooklyn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dwight E.","family":"Matthews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"bib3-20250526","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.3109\/10826089609045806","article-title":"Methadone maintenance and addicts\u2019 risk of fatal heroin overdose","volume":"31","year":"1996","journal-title":"Subst Use Misuse"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib4-20250526","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/HRP.0000000000000075","article-title":"Medication-assisted treatment of opioid use disorder: review of the evidence and future directions","volume":"23","year":"2015","journal-title":"Harv Rev Psychiatry"},{"issue":"14","key":"bib7-20250526","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200241140-00003","article-title":"Interindividual variability of the clinical pharmacokinetics of methadone","volume":"41","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"5051","key":"bib8-20250526","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm655051e1","article-title":"Increases in drug and opioid overdose deaths - United States, 2010\u20132015","volume":"65","year":"2016","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib9-20250526","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2017.1342662","article-title":"Medication-assisted treatment for opioid addiction in the united states: critique and commentary","volume":"53","year":"2018","journal-title":"Subst Use Misuse"},{"key":"bib10-20250526","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7517-10-24","article-title":"\u2018Diversion\u2019 of methadone or buprenorphine: \u2018harm\u2019 versus \u2018helping\u2019","volume":"10","year":"2013","journal-title":"Harm Reduct J"},{"key":"bib11-20250526","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2015.01.013","article-title":"Diversion of methadone and buprenorphine from opioid substitution treatment: the importance of patients\u2019 attitudes and norms","volume":"54","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Subst Abuse Treat"},{"key":"bib12-20250526","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7517-9-3","article-title":"The nature of methadone diversion in England: a Merseyside case study","volume":"9","year":"2012","journal-title":"Harm Reduct J"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib13-20250526","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10550887.2014.975617","article-title":"Diversion of methadone and buprenorphine from opioid substitution treatment: patients who regularly sell or share their medication","volume":"34","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Addict Dis"},{"key":"bib14-20250526","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7517-4-15","article-title":"Tampering by office-based methadone maintenance patients with methadone take home privileges: a pilot study","volume":"4","year":"2007","journal-title":"Harm Reduct J"}],"container-title":["Journal of Addiction Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000990","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T20:08:55Z","timestamp":1748290135000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000990"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/adm.0000000000000990","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-0620"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1932-0620"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}}}