{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:46:56Z","timestamp":1792806416519,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/ajp.0000000000000091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,18]],"date-time":"2014-10-18T07:54:04Z","timestamp":1413618844000},"page":"159-168","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Myofascial Trigger Point-focused Head and Neck Massage for Recurrent Tension-type Headache"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Albert F.","family":"Moraska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lea","family":"Stenerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Butryn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason P.","family":"Krutsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Schmiege","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John D.","family":"Mann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-010-0146-2","article-title":"Epidemiology of tension-type headache.","volume":"14","author":"Crystal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"key":"R2-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.5.381","article-title":". Epidemiology of tension-type headache.","volume":"279","author":"Schwartz","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R3-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-003-0061-x","article-title":"Diagnosis, epidemiology, and impact of tension-type headache.","volume":"7","author":"Jensen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"key":"R4-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2007.01288.x","article-title":". The global burden of headache: a documentation of headache prevalence and disability worldwide.","volume":"27","author":"Stovner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"R5-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s10194-008-0038-6","article-title":"Impact of headache in Europe: a review for the Eurolight project.","volume":"9","author":"Stovner","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"R6-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-004-6519-2","article-title":". Has the prevalence of migraine and tension-type headache changed over a 12-year period A Danish population survey.","volume":"20","author":"Lyngberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R7-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ajp.0000210946.34676.7d","article-title":". Myofascial trigger points are very prevalent in patients with chronic tension-type headache: a double-blinded controlled study.","volume":"23","author":"Couppe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"R8-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2006.00288.x","article-title":". Trigger points in the suboccipital muscles and forward head posture in tension-type headache.","volume":"46","author":"Fernandez-de-las-Penas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"R9-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-007-0219-z","article-title":". The role of myofascial trigger points in musculoskeletal pain syndromes of the head and neck.","volume":"11","author":"Fernandez-de-Las-Penas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"key":"R11-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(95)00239-1","article-title":"Qualitatively altered nociception in chronic myofascial pain.","volume":"65","author":"Bendtsen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R12-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2007.01295.x","article-title":". Myofascial trigger points and sensitization: an updated pain model for tension-type headache.","volume":"27","author":"Fernandez-de-las-Penas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"R13-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2011.01204.x","article-title":". Prevalence and anatomical localization of muscle referred pain from active trigger points in head and neck musculature in adults and children with chronic tension-type headache.","volume":"12","author":"Alonso-Blanco","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"R14-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-002-0055-0","article-title":"Cervical myofascial pain and headache.","volume":"6","author":"Borg-Stein","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"key":"R15-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.3109\/10582452.2010.502619","article-title":"New evidence for trigger point involvement in tension-type headaches.","volume":"18","author":"Fernandez-de-las Penas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Pain"},{"key":"R16-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2006.00440.x","article-title":". Myofascial trigger points and their relationship to headache clinical parameters in chronic tension-type headache.","volume":"46","author":"Fernandez-de-Las-Penas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"R17-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2006.07.003","article-title":". Myofascial trigger points in the suboccipital muscles in episodic tension-type headache.","volume":"11","author":"Fernandez-de-Las-Penas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"R18-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2006.07.005","article-title":". Referred pain from trapezius muscle trigger points shares similar characteristics with chronic tension type headache.","volume":"11","author":"Fernandez-de-Las-Penas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"R19-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2005.05.003","article-title":". The immediate effect of ischemic compression technique and transverse friction massage on tenderness of active and latent myofascial trigger points: a pilot study.","volume":"10","author":"Fernandez-de-las Penas","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bodyw Mov Ther"},{"key":"R20-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2009.08.011","article-title":". Short-term effects of manual therapy on heart rate variability, mood state, and pressure pain sensitivity in patients with chronic tension-type headache: a pilot study.","volume":"32","author":"Toro-Velasco","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Manipulative Physiol Ther"},{"key":"R21-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1586\/ern.11.138","article-title":"Muscle trigger point therapy in tension-type headache.","volume":"12","author":"Alonso-Blanco","year":"2012","journal-title":"Expert Rev Neurother"},{"key":"R22-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1179\/106698108790818468","article-title":"Changes in clinical parameters in patients with tension-type headache following massage therapy: a pilot study.","volume":"16","author":"Moraska","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Man Manip Ther"},{"key":"R23-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073808324540","article-title":". Myofascial trigger points in children with tension-type headache: a new diagnostic and therapeutic option.","volume":"24","author":"von Stulpnagel","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"key":"R24-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2006.01209.x","article-title":"Chronic tension-type headache treated with acupuncture, physical training and relaxation training. Between-group differences.","volume":"26","author":"Soderberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"R25-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2004.00633.x","article-title":"Physiotherapy for tension-type headache: a controlled study.","volume":"24","author":"Torelli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"R26-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2006.01163.x","article-title":"Efficacy of physiotherapy including a craniocervical training programme for tension-type headache; a randomized clinical trial.","volume":"26","author":"van Ettekoven","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"R27-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2007.01530.x","article-title":". Predictor variables for identifying patients with chronic tension-type headache who are likely to achieve short-term success with muscle trigger point therapy.","volume":"28","author":"Fernandez-de-las-Penas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"R28-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2010.01789.x","article-title":". Development of a clinical prediction rule for identifying women with tension-type headache who are likely to achieve short-term success with joint mobilization and muscle trigger point therapy.","volume":"51","author":"Fernandez-de-las-Penas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"R29-10-20210204","first-page":"254","article-title":"Chronic tension-type headache: what is new Curr Opin Neurol.","volume":"22","author":"Fernandez-de-las-Penas","year":"2009","journal-title":""},{"key":"R31-10-20210204","first-page":"1","article-title":"Complementary and alternative medicine use among adults and children: United States, 2007.","volume":"10","author":"Barnes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Natl Health Stat Rep"},{"key":"R32-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2006.00412.x","article-title":". Use of complementary and alternative medicine by patients with chronic tension-type headache: results of a headache clinic survey.","volume":"46","author":"Rossi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"R33-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2009.08.001","article-title":". Immediate effect of ultrasound and ischemic compression techniques for the treatment of trapezius latent myofascial trigger points in healthy subjects: a randomized controlled study.","volume":"32","author":"Aguilera","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Manipulative Physiol Ther"},{"key":"R34-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2005.05094.x","article-title":". Outcome measurement in behavioral headache research: headache parameters and psychosocial outcomes.","volume":"45","author":"Andrasik","year":"2005","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"R35-10-20210204","first-page":"19","article-title":"The International Classification of Headache Disorders: 2nd edition.","volume":"24suppl","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"R37-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.34834","article-title":". Immediate effects of various physical therapeutic modalities on cervical myofascial pain and trigger-point sensitivity.","volume":"83","author":"Hou","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R39-10-20210204","first-page":"452","article-title":"Myofascial pain: relief by post-isometric relaxation.","volume":"65","author":"Lewit","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R40-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2009.06.008","article-title":". Referred pain areas of active myofascial trigger points in head, neck, and shoulder muscles, in chronic tension type headache.","volume":"14","author":"Fernandez-de-Las-Penas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bodyw Mov Ther"},{"key":"R41-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2012.08.216","article-title":". Changes in blood flow and cellular metabolism at a myofascial trigger point with trigger point release (ischemic compression): a proof-of-principle pilot study.","volume":"94","author":"Moraska","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R42-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2005.02.002","article-title":"The effect of manual pressure release on myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle.","volume":"9","author":"Fryer","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bodyw Mov Ther"},{"key":"R43-10-20210204","first-page":"155","article-title":". A randomized controlled (intervention) trial of ischemic compression therapy for chronic carpal tunnel syndrome.","volume":"54","author":"Hains","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Can Chiropr Assoc"},{"key":"R44-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-2010-0255","article-title":". Changes in a patient with neck pain after application of ischemic compression as a trigger point therapy.","volume":"23","author":"Montanez-Aguilera","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil"},{"key":"R45-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.3109\/09593980903423079","article-title":". Thermal ultrasound decreases tissue stiffness of trigger points in upper trapezius muscles.","volume":"26","author":"Draper","year":"2010","journal-title":"Physiother Theory Pract"},{"key":"R46-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2003.07.023","article-title":"High-power pain threshold ultrasound technique in the treatment of active myofascial trigger points: a randomized, double-blind, case-control study.","volume":"85","author":"Majlesi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R47-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.04.009","article-title":". Stimulation of myofascial trigger points with ultrasound induces segmental antinociceptive effects: a randomized controlled study.","volume":"139","author":"Srbely","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R48-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.11.030","article-title":". Comparison of high-power pain threshold ultrasound therapy with local injection in the treatment of active myofascial trigger points of the upper trapezius muscle.","volume":"92","author":"Unalan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R49-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7133.731","article-title":". Ultrasound treatment for treating the carpal tunnel syndrome: randomised sham controlled trial.","volume":"316","author":"Ebenbichler","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R50-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/81.7.1339","article-title":"A review of therapeutic ultrasound: effectiveness studies.","volume":"81","author":"Robertson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"R51-10-20210204","first-page":"323","article-title":"Appelbaum KA, et al..","volume":"12","author":"Blanchard","year":"1987","journal-title":"What is an adequate length of baseline in research and clinical practice with chronic headache Biofeedback Self Regul"},{"key":"R52-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102412449933","article-title":". Minimal clinically important change on the Headache Impact Test-6 questionnaire in patients with chronic tension-type headache.","volume":"32","author":"Castien","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"R53-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.44.5.837","article-title":". The Henry Ford Hospital Headache Disability Inventory (HDI).","volume":"44","author":"Jacobson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R54-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1995.hed3509534.x","article-title":". Headache Disability Inventory (HDI): short-term test-retest reliability and spouse perceptions.","volume":"35","author":"Jacobson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"R55-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2009.01544.x","article-title":". HIT-6 and MIDAS as measures of headache disability in a headache referral population.","volume":"50","author":"Sauro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"R56-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2005.05.010","article-title":". Four methods of estimating the minimal important difference score were compared to establish a clinically significant change in Headache Impact Test.","volume":"59","author":"Coeytaux","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"R57-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026119331193","article-title":". A six-item short-form survey for measuring headache impact: the HIT-6.","volume":"12","author":"Kosinski","year":"2003","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"R58-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(89)90005-6","article-title":"Measurement of health status. Ascertaining the minimal clinically important difference.","volume":"10","author":"Jaeschke","year":"1989","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"key":"R59-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2010.04.006","article-title":". Effects of postural and visual stressors on myofascial trigger point development and motor unit rotation during computer work.","volume":"21","author":"Hoyle","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Electromyogr Kinesiol"},{"key":"R60-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2006.01150.x","article-title":". Generalized hyperalgesia in patients with chronic tension-type headache.","volume":"26","author":"Ashina","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"R61-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e318153496a","article-title":". The local and referred pain from myofascial trigger points in the temporalis muscle contributes to pain profile in chronic tension-type headache.","volume":"23","author":"Fernandez-de-Las-Penas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"R62-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/s10194-012-0422-0","article-title":"Placebo and other psychological interactions in headache treatment.","volume":"13","author":"Autret","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"R63-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-9-1","article-title":"Spontaneous improvement in randomised clinical trials: meta-analysis of three-armed trials comparing no treatment, placebo and active intervention.","volume":"9","author":"Krogsboll","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"R64-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01607.x","article-title":". Combination of low-dose mirtazapine and ibuprofen for prophylaxis of chronic tension-type headache.","volume":"14","author":"Bendtsen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"R65-10-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181acee12","article-title":". Patient and practitioner influences on the placebo effect in irritable bowel syndrome.","volume":"71","author":"Kelley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"}],"container-title":["The Clinical Journal of Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000091","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T18:18:47Z","timestamp":1620929927000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00002508-201502000-00010"}},"subtitle":["A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ajp.0000000000000091","relation":{},"ISSN":["0749-8047"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0749-8047","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]}}}