{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T21:23:30Z","timestamp":1783632210216,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":118,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronically relapsing skin disorder characterized by recurring inflammatory lesion in hair and apocrine gland-bearing skin creases in the axilla; groin or perineum, buttocks, and\/or breast. HS may lead to painful eruptions and malodorous discharge significantly detracting from quality of life. HS causes a high degree of morbidity with the highest scores obtained for the level of pain caused by the disease. The majority of patients rated their pain on a Numerical Rating Scale-11 ranging from 4\/10 to 10\/10 and described it at various times as hot, burning, pressure, stretching, cutting, sharp, taut, splitting, gnawing, pressing, sore, throbbing, and aching. Despite the severe pain associated with this disease, HS has been essentially ignored in the pain medicine literature. It is hoped that greater understanding of the diagnosis, pathophysiology, and potential treatment options available for patients with HS, may help put pain specialists in a better position to contribute to the overall care of patients with significantly painful HS. This article reviews HS and pain. Potential mechanisms of modulating nociceptive processes in the skin are presented. A greater understanding of the diagnosis, pathophysiology, and potential treatment options for HS patients may help providers to be better able to contribute to care of patients with painful hidradenitis suppurativa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/ajp.0b013e3181ceb80c","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,14]],"date-time":"2010-05-14T03:41:26Z","timestamp":1273808486000},"page":"435-444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Painful Hidradenitis Suppurativa"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Howard S.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerome D.","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Teitelbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-13-20251219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-16551","article-title":"Hidradenitis suppuratuva","volume":"14","author":"Singer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clinics Colon Rectal Surg"},{"key":"R3-13-20251219","first-page":"11","article-title":"Hidradenitis Suppurativa","author":"Poli","year":"2006"},{"key":"R4-13-20251219","article-title":"Clinical Dermatology: A Color Guide to Diagnosis and Therapy","author":"Habif","year":"2004"},{"key":"R5-13-20251219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1159\/000104258","article-title":"Medical treatments of hidradenitis supperativa: a new paradigm","volume":"215","author":"Revuz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"R6-13-20251219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.5.8.1767","article-title":"Medical treatment of hidradentitis suppurativa","volume":"5","author":"Jemec","year":"2000","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"R7-13-20251219","article-title":"Dermatologic Surgery, Principles and Practice","author":"Hurley","year":"1989"},{"key":"R8-13-20251219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1226(03)00177-2","article-title":"Perianal hidradenitis suppurativa: pathogenesis and management","volume":"56","author":"Anderson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"key":"R9-13-20251219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18229","article-title":"Reflex sympathetic dystrophy with hidradenitis suppurativa exacerbation: a case report","volume":"82","author":"Moroz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R10-13-20251219","first-page":"839","article-title":"Objective scoring of hidradenitis suppurativa reflecting the role of tobacco smoking and obesity.","volume":"831-","author":"Sartorius","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"R11-13-20251219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.04137.x","article-title":"Morbidity in patients with hidradenitis suppurate","volume":"144","author":"von der Werth","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"R12-13-20251219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1985.tb02037.x","article-title":"Evidence of genetic factors in hidradenitis suppurativa","volume":"113","author":"Fitzsimmons","year":"1985","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"R13-13-20251219","first-page":"365","article-title":"On apocrine sweat glands in white and Negro men and women","volume":"38","author":"Homma","year":"1926","journal-title":"Bull Johns Hopkins Hops"},{"key":"R14-13-20251219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-1298(20)30608-8","article-title":"Hidradenitis suppurativa","volume":"14","author":"Paletta","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"key":"R15-13-20251219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800731210","article-title":"Surgical treatment of perineal hidradenisit suppurativa with special reference to recognition of the perianal form","volume":"73","author":"Brown","year":"1986","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"R16-13-20251219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02052316","article-title":"Perianal hidradenitis suppurativa. 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