{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T09:33:00Z","timestamp":1791019980056,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anesthesiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Previous studies have shown that genetic variability at position 118 of the human mu-opioid receptor gene altered patients' response to intravenous morphine. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether this polymorphism contributes to the variability in response to morphine for postcesarean analgesia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After investigators obtained informed consent, 588 healthy women received 0.1 mg intrathecal morphine for postcesarean analgesia. Their blood samples were genotyped for the A118G polymorphism-A118 homozygous (AA), heterozygous (AG), or homozygous for the G allele (GG). Pain scores, the severity of nausea and vomiting, the incidence of pruritus, and the total self-administered intravenous morphine were recorded for the first 24 postoperative hours.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two hundred seventy women (46%) were AA, 234 (40%) were AG, and 82 (14%) were GG. The 24-h self-administered intravenous morphine consumption was lowest in the AA group (P = 0.001; mean, 5.9; 95% confidence interval, 5.1-6.8) versus the AG (8.0; 6.9-9.1) and GG groups (9.4; 7.3-11.5). Pain scores were lowest in the AA group and highest in the GG group, with a statistically significant difference detected between AA, AG, and GG (P = 0.049). Total morphine consumption was also influenced by patients' age and paying status. AA group was associated with the highest incidence of nausea (26 of 272 [9.6%]; P = 0.02) versus the other two groups (13 of 234 [5.6%] and 1 of 82 [1.2%] for AG and GG, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Genetic variation at position 118 of the mu-opioid receptor is associated with interindividual differences in pain scores, self-administered intravenous morphine, and the incidence of nausea postoperatively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/aln.0b013e318182af21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,15]],"date-time":"2008-08-15T03:11:16Z","timestamp":1218769876000},"page":"520-526","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":260,"title":["A118G Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of Human \u03bc-Opioid Receptor Gene Influences Pain Perception and Patient-controlled Intravenous Morphine Consumption after Intrathecal Morphine for Postcesarean Analgesia"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Alex\u00a0T.","family":"Sia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor of Anaesthesiology and Chairman, KK Research Centre, KK Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eileen\u00a0C. P.","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Technologist."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachelle\u00a0W. C.","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Nurse, Department of Women\u2019s Anaesthesia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hai\u00a0Yang","family":"Law","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chief Scientific Officer, Genetic Services, Department of Women\u2019s Anaesthesia, KK Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Landau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M\u00e9decin Adjoint Aggr\u00e9g\u00e9, Service d\u2019 Anesthesiologie, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires de Geneve, Geneva, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yik-ying","family":"Teo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postdoctoral Statistician, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ene\u00a0Choo","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Principal Scientific Officer, KK Research Center, KK Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, and Department of Psychological Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-23-20251013"},{"key":"R2-23-20251013"},{"key":"R3-23-20251013"},{"key":"R4-23-20251013"},{"key":"R5-23-20251013"},{"key":"R6-23-20251013"},{"key":"R7-23-20251013"},{"key":"R8-23-20251013"},{"key":"R9-23-20251013"},{"key":"R10-23-20251013"},{"key":"R12-23-20251013"},{"key":"R13-23-20251013"},{"key":"R14-23-20251013"},{"key":"R15-23-20251013"},{"key":"R16-23-20251013"},{"key":"R17-23-20251013"},{"key":"R18-23-20251013"},{"key":"R19-23-20251013"},{"key":"R20-23-20251013"},{"key":"R21-23-20251013"},{"key":"R22-23-20251013"}],"container-title":["Anesthesiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.asahq.org\/anesthesiology\/article-pdf\/109\/3\/520\/656246\/0000542-200809000-00023.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00000542-200809000-00022","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T16:00:39Z","timestamp":1760371239000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00000542-200809000-00022"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,1]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/aln.0b013e318182af21","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1123298.580447","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0003-3022"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-3022","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,1]]}}}