{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T14:36:46Z","timestamp":1793111806449,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate whether full-term deliveries resulting in neonates diagnosed with hypoxic\u2013ischemic encephalopathy are associated with a significant increase in the rate of subsequent unscheduled cesarean deliveries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective chart review study and examined all deliveries in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Hadassah University Hospital, Mt. Scopus campus, Jerusalem, Israel, during 2009\u20132014. We reviewed all cases of hypoxic\u2013ischemic encephalopathy in singleton, term, liveborn neonates and identified seven such cases, three of which were attributed to obstetric mismanagement and four that were not. We measured the rate of unscheduled cesarean deliveries before and after the events and their respective hazard ratio.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Before a mismanaged delivery resulting in hypoxic\u2013ischemic encephalopathy, the baseline rate of unscheduled cesarean deliveries was approximately 80 unscheduled cesarean deliveries for every 1,000 deliveries. In the first 4 weeks immediately after each of the three identified cases, there was a significant increase in the rate of unscheduled cesarean deliveries by an additional 48 unscheduled cesarean deliveries per 1,000 deliveries (95% confidence interval [CI] 27\u201370\/1,000). This increase was transient and lasted approximately 4 weeks. We estimated that each case was associated with approximately 17 additional unscheduled cesarean deliveries (95% CI 8\u201327). There was no increase in the rate of unscheduled cesarean deliveries in cases of hypoxic\u2013ischemic encephalopathy that were not associated with mismanagement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The increase in the rate of unscheduled cesarean deliveries after a catastrophic neonatal outcome may result in short-term changes in obstetricians' risk evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/aog.0000000000001925","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,9]],"date-time":"2017-03-09T07:29:37Z","timestamp":1489044577000},"page":"671-675","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Association of Catastrophic Neonatal Outcomes With Increased Rate of Subsequent Cesarean Deliveries"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Ohad","family":"Dan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Drorith","family":"Hochner-Celnikier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Solnica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonatan","family":"Loewenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20261027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000545","article-title":"Effect of uterine rupture on a hospital's future rate of vaginal birth after cesarean delivery","volume":"124","author":"Riddell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R3-20261027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.54.101601.145124","article-title":"Operant conditioning","volume":"54","author":"Staddon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"key":"R4-20261027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.52.1.111","article-title":"Theories of associative learning in animals","volume":"52","author":"Pearce","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"key":"R5-20261027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-9293","article-title":"Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy","volume":"17","author":"Vannucci","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"R6-20261027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2010.05.010","article-title":"Epidemiology of neonatal encephalopathy and hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy","volume":"86","author":"Kurinczuk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"key":"R7-20261027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000445580.65983.d2","article-title":"Executive summary: neonatal encephalopathy and neurologic outcome. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists","volume":"123","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R8-20261027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.300.6736.1365","article-title":"Obstetric accidents: a review of 64 cases","volume":"300","author":"Ennis","year":"1990","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R9-20261027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.54.4.569","article-title":"Outcome bias in decision evaluation","volume":"54","author":"Baron","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"key":"R10-20261027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2013.12.004","article-title":"Reinforcement learning and human behavior","volume":"25","author":"Shteingart","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"R11-20261027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.71.3.450","article-title":"Counterfactual thinking and ascriptions of cause and preventability","volume":"71","author":"Mandel","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"key":"R12-20261027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(73)90033-9","article-title":"Availability: a heuristic for judging frequency and probability","volume":"5","author":"Tversky","year":"1973","journal-title":"Cogn Psychol"},{"key":"R13-20261027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-015-0687-9","article-title":"Adverse obstetric outcomes in pregnancies resulting from oocyte donation: a retrospective cohort case study in Sweden","volume":"15","author":"Elenis","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"R14-20261027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000114989.84822.51","article-title":"Perinatal outcomes in singletons following in vitro fertilization: a meta-analysis","volume":"103","author":"Jackson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R15-20261027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00999210","article-title":"Experimental analysis of choice","volume":"5","author":"Carson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mark Lett"},{"key":"R16-20261027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms1580","article-title":"Reinforcement learning in professional basketball players","volume":"2","author":"Neiman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"R17-20261027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003623","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003623","article-title":"Spatial generalization in operant learning: lessons from professional basketball","volume":"10","author":"Neiman","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"}],"container-title":["Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00006250-201704000-00011","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T14:02:55Z","timestamp":1793109775000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00006250-201704000-00011"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/aog.0000000000001925","relation":{},"ISSN":["0029-7844","1873-233X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0029-7844","type":"print"},{"value":"1873-233X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]}}}