{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:40:33Z","timestamp":1790811633831,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/aog.0b013e3181a1ba2a","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,26]],"date-time":"2014-02-26T18:52:05Z","timestamp":1393440725000},"page":"1124-1136","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Evaluation and Treatment of Dyspareunia"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"John F.","family":"Steege","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denniz A.","family":"Zolnoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-6-177","article-title":"WHO systematic review of prevalence of chronic pelvic pain: a neglected reproductive health morbidity.","volume":"6","author":"Latthe","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"R2-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1080\/14034940210134040","article-title":"Prevalence and incidence of prolonged and severe dyspareunia in women: results from a population study.","volume":"31","author":"Danielsson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Scand J Public Health"},{"key":"R3-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1993.69.2.545","article-title":"Neuronal responses to stimulation of the cervix, uterus, colon, and skin in the rat spinal cord.","volume":"69","author":"Berkley","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"R4-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ogx.0000219814.40759.38","article-title":"A conceptual model for the pathophysiology of vulvar vestibulitis syndrome.","volume":"61","author":"Zolnoun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Survey"},{"key":"R5-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1177\/070674379804300406","article-title":"Affect and marital adjustment in women\u2019s ratings of dyspareunic pain.","volume":"43","author":"Meana","year":"1998","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"key":"R6-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(98)80136-1","article-title":"Biopsychosocial profile of women with dyspareunia.","volume":"90","author":"Meana","year":"1997","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R7-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.6.537","article-title":"Sexual dysfunction in the United States: prevalence and predictors published erratum appears in JAMA 1999;281:1174.","volume":"281","author":"Laumann","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R8-23-20210126","article-title":"Human sexual response.","author":"Masters","year":"1966"},{"key":"R9-23-20210126","article-title":"The new sex therapy: active treatment of sexual dysfunctions.","author":"Kaplan","year":"1974"},{"key":"R10-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2002.01002.x","article-title":"Rethinking low sexual desire in women.","volume":"109","author":"Basson","year":"2002","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"R11-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2005.20347.x","article-title":"Women\u2019s sexual pain and its management.","volume":"2","author":"Weijmar Schultz","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"R12-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.09.002","article-title":"Physical therapy evaluation of patients with chronic pelvic pain: a controlled study.","volume":"198","author":"Tu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R13-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1997.tb12060.x","article-title":"Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome in women presenting with chronic dyspareunia.","volume":"104","author":"Mulherin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"R14-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-005-0014-3","article-title":"Diabetes and female sexual dysfunction: moving beyond \u201cbenign neglect.\u201d","volume":"5","author":"Muniyappa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Current Diab Rep"},{"key":"R15-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2006.02.002","article-title":"Histopathologic findings on uterosacral ligaments in women with chronic pelvic pain and visually normal pelvis at laparoscopy.","volume":"13","author":"Nascu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"R16-23-20210126","first-page":"507","article-title":"Chronic inflammation of the peritoneum and vagina: review of its significance, immunologic pathogenesis, investigation and rationale for treatment.","volume":"50","author":"Thomson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"R17-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1097\/00128360-200501000-00009","article-title":"The vulvodynia guideline.","volume":"9","author":"Haefner","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"key":"R18-23-20210126","first-page":"110","article-title":"Vulvar vestibulitis syndrome.","volume":"32","author":"Friedrich","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"R19-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwf037","article-title":"Use of oral contraceptive pills and vulvar vestibulitis: a case\u2013control study.","volume":"156","author":"Bouchard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R20-23-20210126","first-page":"9","article-title":"Dysesthetic (\u201cessential\u201d) vulvodynia. Treatment with amitriptyline.","volume":"38","author":"McKay","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"R21-23-20210126","first-page":"47","article-title":"Oral gabapentin (neurontin) treatment of refractory genitourinary tract pain.","volume":"7","author":"Sasaki","year":"2001","journal-title":"Tech Urol"},{"key":"R22-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000295864.76032.a7","article-title":"Surgical and behavioral treatments for vestibulodynia: two-and-one-half year follow-up and predictors of outcome.","volume":"111","author":"Bergeron","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R23-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-005-0048-3","article-title":"Advances in diagnosing vaginitis: development of a new algorithm.","volume":"7","author":"Nyirjesy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Infect Dis Rep"},{"key":"R24-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.113855","article-title":"Postpartum sexual functioning and its relationship to perineal trauma: a retrospective cohort study of primiparous women.","volume":"184","author":"Signorello","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R26-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000218693.24144.bd","article-title":"Repair techniques for obstetric anal sphincter injuries: a randomized controlled trial.","volume":"107","author":"Fernando","year":"2006","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R28-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-3804(05)60417-3","article-title":"Combined laparoscopic uterosacral and round ligament procedures for treatment of symptomatic uterine retroversion and mild uterine decensus.","volume":"9","author":"Yen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc"},{"key":"R29-23-20210126","first-page":"417","article-title":"Carter-Thomason uterine suspension and positioning by ligament investment, fixation, and truncation.","volume":"44","author":"Carter","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"R30-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11094","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0403663101","article-title":"Innervation of ectopic endometrium in a rat model of endometriosis.","volume":"101","author":"Berkley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R31-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-196803000-00019","article-title":"Pelvic congestion: some further considerations.","volume":"31","author":"Osofsky","year":"1968","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R32-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2006.08.064","article-title":"Female urethral diverticulum: 26-year followup of a large series.","volume":"177","author":"Ljungqvist","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R33-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000143827.17061.7b","article-title":"Vaginal apex resection: a treatment option for vaginal apex pain.","volume":"104","author":"Lamvu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R35-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-008-0657-0","article-title":"Laparoscopic sacralcolpopexy for uterine and post-hysterectomy prolapse: anatomical results, quality of life and perioperative outcome\u2013a prospective study of 101 cases.","volume":"19","author":"Sarlos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct"},{"key":"R36-23-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.10.022","article-title":"Evidence of diffuse noxious inhibitory controls (DNIC) elicited by cold noxious stimulation in patients with provoked vestibulodynia.","volume":"130","author":"Johannesson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pain"}],"container-title":["Obstetrics & Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181a1ba2a","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T22:49:02Z","timestamp":1620946142000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00006250-200905000-00023"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/aog.0b013e3181a1ba2a","relation":{},"ISSN":["0029-7844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0029-7844","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]}}}