{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:16:44Z","timestamp":1786119404837,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/aog.0b013e3181d012cd","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,17]],"date-time":"2010-02-17T02:29:18Z","timestamp":1266373758000},"page":"578-583","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["The Relationship Between Female Genital Cutting and Obstetric Fistulae"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Andrew","family":"Browning","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenifer E.","family":"Allsworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. Lewis","family":"Wall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69476-2","article-title":"Obstetric vesicovaginal fistula as an international public health problem.","volume":"368","author":"Wall","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R2-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1097\/00006254-199609000-00024","article-title":"Obstructed labor injury complex: obstetric fistula formation and the multifaceted morbidity of maternal birth trauma in the developing world.","volume":"51","author":"Arrowsmith","year":"1996","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Surv"},{"key":"R3-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.02.007","article-title":"The obstetric vesicovaginal fistula: characteristics of 899 patients from Jos, Nigeria.","volume":"190","author":"Wall","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R4-15-20210801","article-title":"Eliminating female genital mutilation: an interagency statement UNAIDS, UNDP, UNECA, UNESCO, UNFPA, UNHCHR, UNHCR, UNICEF, UNIFEM, WHO.","year":"2008"},{"key":"R5-15-20210801","article-title":"The Hosken report: genital and sexual mutilation of females. 4th ed.","author":"Hosken","year":"1993"},{"key":"R6-15-20210801","article-title":"Female \u201ccircumcision\u201d in Africa: culture, controversy and change.","year":"2000"},{"key":"R7-15-20210801","article-title":"In her lifetime: female morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa.","year":"1996"},{"key":"R8-15-20210801","first-page":"743","article-title":"Obstetrical consequences of female circumcision: study in 71 circumcised African women (in French).","volume":"14","author":"Berardi","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris)"},{"key":"R9-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-2243(89)90041-5","article-title":"Obstetric sequelae of female circumcision.","volume":"32","author":"De Silva","year":"1989","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"R10-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1728-4465.1999.00219.x","article-title":"Female genital cutting practices in Burkina Faso and Mali and their negative health outcomes.","volume":"30","author":"Jones","year":"1999","journal-title":"Stud Fam Plann"},{"key":"R11-15-20210801","first-page":"255","article-title":"Impact of female genital mutilation on maternal and neonatal outcomes during parturition.","volume":"78","author":"Hakim","year":"2001","journal-title":"East Afr Med J"},{"key":"R12-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.2001.00749.x","article-title":"The long-term reproductive health consequences of female genital cutting in rural Gambia: a community-based survey.","volume":"6","author":"Morison","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"R13-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(02)00028-0","article-title":"Female circumcision and obstetric complications.","volume":"77","author":"Larsen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"R14-15-20210801","first-page":"629","article-title":"Is there an association between female circumcision and perinatal death?","volume":"80","author":"Essen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"R15-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1728-4465.2002.00173.x","article-title":"The impact of female genital cutting on first delivery in southwest Nigeria.","volume":"33","author":"Slanger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stud Fam Plann"},{"key":"R16-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2004.12.010","article-title":"No association between female circumcision and prolonged labour: a case control study of immigrant women giving birth in Sweden.","volume":"121","author":"Essen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"R17-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68805-3","article-title":"Female genital mutilation and obstetric outcome: WHO collaborative prospective study in six African countries.","volume":"367","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R18-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(94)70105-9","article-title":"Surgery for the obstetric vesicovaginal fistula: a review of 100 operations in 82 patients.","volume":"170","author":"Elkins","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R19-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.00875.x","article-title":"Risk factors for developing residual urinary incontinence after obstetric fistula repair.","volume":"113","author":"Browning","year":"2006","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"R20-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-007-0367-z","article-title":"The \u201ccontinence gap\u201d: A critical concept in obstetric fistula repair.","volume":"18","author":"Wall","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct"},{"key":"R21-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2007.01329.x","article-title":"The circumferential obstetric fistula: characteristics, management and outcomes.","volume":"114","author":"Browning","year":"2007","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"R22-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-008-0693-9","article-title":"Predicting the risk of failure of closure of obstetric fistula and residual urinary incontinence using a classification system.","volume":"19","author":"Goh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct"},{"key":"R23-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.12.008","article-title":"Risk factors that predict failure after vaginal repair of obstetric vesicovaginal fistulae.","volume":"200","author":"Nardos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R24-15-20210801","article-title":"Harmful practices in Ethiopia.","year":"2007"},{"key":"R25-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.2004.00315.x","article-title":"A new classification for female genital tract fistula.","volume":"44","author":"Goh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"R26-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2008.00831.x","article-title":"Classification of female genito-urinary tract fistula: inter- and intra-observer correlations.","volume":"35","author":"Goh","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"R27-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg074","article-title":"Estimating the relative risk in cohort studies and clinical trials of common outcomes.","volume":"157","author":"McNutt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R28-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.12.006","article-title":"Incontinence and trauma: sexual violence, female genital cutting and proxy measures of gynecological fistula.","volume":"68","author":"Peterman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"R29-15-20210801","first-page":"949","article-title":"The use of intrapartum defibulation in women with female genital mutilation.","volume":"108","author":"Rouzi","year":"2001","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"R30-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2002.810407.x","article-title":"Perinatal complications among ethnic Somalis in Norway.","volume":"81","author":"Vangen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"R31-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.12.003","article-title":"Increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcome among Somali immigrants in Washington State.","volume":"193","author":"Johnson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R32-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2008.01942.x","article-title":"Somali women and their pregnancy outcomes postmigration: data from six receiving countries.","volume":"115","author":"Small","year":"2008","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"R33-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cki120","article-title":"Female genital mutilation in the context of migration: experience of African women with the Swiss health care system.","volume":"15","author":"Thierfelder","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Public Health"},{"key":"R34-15-20210801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1525\/maq.2006.20.4.516","article-title":"Care for infibulated women giving birth in Norway: an anthropological analysis of health care workers' management of a medically and culturally unfamiliar issue.","volume":"20","author":"Johansen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med Anthropol Q"}],"container-title":["Obstetrics & Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00006250-201003000-00015","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T18:13:11Z","timestamp":1786039991000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00006250-201003000-00015"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/aog.0b013e3181d012cd","relation":{},"ISSN":["0029-7844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0029-7844","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]}}}