{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T16:44:31Z","timestamp":1790009071830,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/aud.0b013e3181734a02","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,30]],"date-time":"2008-06-30T03:10:07Z","timestamp":1214795407000},"page":"543-556","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Children\u2019s Speech Recognition Scores: The Speech Intelligibility Index and Proficiency Factors for Age and Hearing Level"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Susan D.","family":"Scollie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-6-20210128","article-title":"Methods for calculation of the Articulation Index, ANSI S3.5\u20131969.","year":"1969"},{"key":"R2-6-20210128","article-title":"Specifications for Audiometers, ANSI S3.6\u20131996.","year":"1996"},{"key":"R3-6-20210128","article-title":"Methods for calculation of the Speech Intelligibility Index, ANSI S3.5\u20131997.","year":"1997a"},{"key":"R4-6-20210128","article-title":"Methods of measurement of real-ear performance characteristics of hearing aids, ANSI S3.46\u20131997.","year":"1997b"},{"key":"R5-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1177\/108471380200600302","article-title":"Methods and applications of the audibility index in hearing aid selection and fitting.","volume":"6","author":"Amlani","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Amplif"},{"key":"R6-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1910787","article-title":"Statistical theory of the speech discrimination score.","volume":"43","author":"Boothroyd","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R7-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1121\/1.396976","article-title":"Mathematical treatment of context effects in phoneme and word recognition.","volume":"84","author":"Boothroyd","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R8-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1121\/1.406844","article-title":"A model for context effects in speech recognition.","volume":"93","author":"Bronkhorst","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R9-6-20210128","first-page":"3","article-title":"Development, evaluation and scoring of a nonsense word test suitable for use with speakers of Canadian English.","volume":"24","author":"Cheesman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Can Acoust"},{"key":"R10-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1121\/1.421224","article-title":"Speech recognition of hearing-impaired listeners: predictions from audibility and the limited role of high-frequency amplification.","volume":"103","author":"Ching","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R11-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1097\/00003446-200106000-00005","article-title":"Maximizing effective audibility in hearing aid fitting.","volume":"22","author":"Ching","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"R12-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1854","DOI":"10.1121\/1.412980","article-title":"The input\/output formula: a theoretical approach to the fitting of personal amplification devices.","volume":"97","author":"Cornelisse","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R13-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3101.102","article-title":"Composite speech spectrum for hearing aid gain prescriptions.","volume":"31","author":"Cox","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Speech Hear Res"},{"key":"R14-6-20210128","article-title":"Hearing aids.","author":"Dillon","year":"2001"},{"key":"R15-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1121\/1.383691","article-title":"Performance of children aged 9 to 17 years on a test of speech intelligibility in noise using sentence material with controlled word predictability.","volume":"66","author":"Elliott","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R16-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1121\/1.400247","article-title":"Effects of fluctuating noise and interfering speech on the speech-reception threshold for impaired and normal hearing.","volume":"88","author":"Festen","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R17-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1906926","article-title":"The perception of speech sounds by deafened persons.","volume":"24","author":"Fletcher","year":"1952","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R18-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1906605","article-title":"Perception of speech and its relation to telephony.","volume":"22","author":"Fletcher","year":"1950","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R19-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1916407","article-title":"Factors governing the intelligibility of speech sounds.","volume":"19","author":"French","year":"1947","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R20-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00003446-199902000-00001","article-title":"Children\u2019s speech recognition in noise using omni-directional and dual-microphone hearing aid technology.","volume":"20","author":"Gravel","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"R21-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4101.94","article-title":"Age-related changes on a children\u2019s test of sensory-level speech perception capacity.","volume":"41","author":"Hnath-Chisolm","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Speech Lang Hear Res"},{"key":"R22-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1706","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1553458","article-title":"The effects of hearing loss on the contribution to high-and low-frequency speech information to speech understanding.","volume":"113","author":"Hornsby","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R23-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1499132","article-title":"Factors underlying the speech-recognition performance of elderly hearing-aid wearers.","volume":"112","author":"Humes","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R24-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.2904.447","article-title":"Application of the Articulation Index and the Speech Transmission Index to the recognition of speech by normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners.","volume":"29","author":"Humes","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Speech Hear Res"},{"key":"R25-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1097\/00003446-198301000-00010","article-title":"Speech audiometry in the young child.","volume":"4","author":"Jerger","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"R26-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1097\/00003446-198806000-00005","article-title":"Loudness discomfort levels in children.","volume":"9","author":"Kawell","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"R27-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4303.645","article-title":"Bandwidth effects on children\u2019s perception of the inflectional morpheme \/s\/: acoustical measurements, auditory detection, and clarity rating.","volume":"43","author":"Kortekaas","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Speech Lang Hear Res"},{"key":"R28-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.3109\/01050399609074957","article-title":"Predicting the speech recognition performance of elderly individuals with sensorineural hearing impairment. A procedure based on the Speech Intelligibility Index.","volume":"25","author":"Magnusson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Scand Audiol"},{"key":"R29-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/108471380100500102","article-title":"Dead regions in the cochlea: Diagnosis, perceptual consequences, and implications for the fitting of hearing aids.","volume":"5","author":"Moore","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends Amplif"},{"key":"R30-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2896","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1371971","article-title":"Using statistical decision theory to predict speech intelligibility. I. Model structure.","volume":"109","author":"M\u00fcsch","year":"2001a","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R31-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2910","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1371972","article-title":"Using statistical decision theory to predict speech intelligibility. II. Measurement and prediction of consonant-discrimination performance.","volume":"109","author":"M\u00fcsch","year":"2001b","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R32-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1121\/1.387773","article-title":"Monaural and binaural speech perception in reverberation for listeners of various ages.","volume":"71","author":"N\u00e1b\u0115lek","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R33-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1496082","article-title":"Learning to perceive speech: how fricative perception changes, and how it stays the same.","volume":"112","author":"Nittrouer","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R34-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2705","DOI":"10.1121\/1.399061","article-title":"Context effects in phoneme and word recognition by young children and older adults.","volume":"87","author":"Nittrouer","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R35-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1121\/1.390731","article-title":"Use of the articulation index for assessing residual auditory function in listeners with sensorineural hearing impairment.","volume":"75","author":"Pavlovic","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R36-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1121\/1.394082","article-title":"An articulation index based procedure for predicting the speech recognition performance of hearing-impaired individuals.","volume":"80","author":"Pavlovic","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R37-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3637","DOI":"10.1121\/1.428216","article-title":"A method to determine the speech transmission index from speech waveforms.","volume":"106","author":"Payton","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R38-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4306.1389","article-title":"Perception of voiceless fricatives by normal-hearing and hearing-impaired children and adults.","volume":"43","author":"Pittman","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Speech Lang Hear Res"},{"key":"R39-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1097\/00003446-199810000-00007","article-title":"Validity and repeatability of level-independent HL to SPL transforms.","volume":"19","author":"Scollie","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"R40-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1044\/1059-0889(1999\/017)","article-title":"Predictive validity of a procedure for pediatric hearing instrument fitting.","volume":"8","author":"Seewald","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Audiol"},{"key":"R41-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1177\/108471380300700104","article-title":"An approach for ensuring accuracy in pediatric hearing instrument fitting.","volume":"7","author":"Seewald","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Amplif"},{"key":"R42-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1097\/00003446-200210000-00001","article-title":"Audibility-index functions for the Connected Speech Test.","volume":"23","author":"Sherbecoe","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"R43-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AUD.0000052748.94309.8A","article-title":"Audibility-index prediction of normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners\u2019 performance on the Connected Speech Test.","volume":"24","author":"Sherbecoe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"R44-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1121\/1.384464","article-title":"A physical method for measuring speech-transmission quality.","volume":"67","author":"Steeneken","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R45-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4304.902","article-title":"The relation between stimulus context, speech audibility, and perception for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired children.","volume":"43","author":"Stelmachowicz","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Speech Lang Hear Res"},{"key":"R46-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2183","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1400757","article-title":"Effect of stimulus bandwidth on the perception of \/s\/ in normal-and hearing-impaired children and adults.","volume":"110","author":"Stelmachowicz","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R47-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1097\/00003446-200208000-00007","article-title":"Aided perception of \/s\/ and \/z\/ by hearing-impaired children.","volume":"23","author":"Stelmachowicz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"R48-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.2803.455","article-title":"A \u201crationalized\u201d arcsine transform.","volume":"28","author":"Studebaker","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Speech Hear Res"},{"key":"R49-6-20210128","first-page":"173","article-title":"Evaluating relative speech recognition performance using the proficiency factor and rationalized arcsine differences.","volume":"6","author":"Studebaker","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Acad Audio"},{"key":"R50-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1445788","article-title":"Intensity-importance functions for bandlimited monosyllabic words.","volume":"111","author":"Studebaker","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R51-6-20210128","first-page":"150","article-title":"Age-related changes in monosyllabic word recognition performance when audibility is held constant.","volume":"8","author":"Studebaker","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Acad Audiol"},{"key":"R52-6-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.2103.507","article-title":"Speech-discrimination scores modeled as a binomial variable.","volume":"21","author":"Thornton","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Speech Hear Res"}],"container-title":["Ear &amp; Hearing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/AUD.0b013e3181734a02","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T17:10:57Z","timestamp":1786036257000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00003446-200808000-00006"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/aud.0b013e3181734a02","relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-0202"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-0202","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]}}}