{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:18:43Z","timestamp":1786119523856,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/aud.0b013e3181e9770e","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,29]],"date-time":"2010-07-29T17:08:44Z","timestamp":1280423324000},"page":"725-734","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Americans Hear as Well or Better Today Compared With 40 Years Ago: Hearing Threshold Levels in the Unscreened Adult Population of the United States, 1959\u20131962 and 1999\u20132004"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Howard J.","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Dobie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Wen","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christa L.","family":"Themann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0b013e3181c6b9fd","article-title":"Estimating the effect of occupational noise exposure on hearing thresholds: The importance of adjusting for confounding variables.","volume":"31","author":"Agrawal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"R2-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.14.1522","article-title":"Prevalence of hearing loss and differences by demographic characteristics among US adults: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999\u20132004.","volume":"168","author":"Agrawal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"R3-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e318192483c","article-title":"Risk factors for hearing loss in US adults: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999 to 2002.","volume":"30","author":"Agrawal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"key":"R4-1-20210128","article-title":"Statistics with Confidence (2nd ed.).","author":"Altman","year":"2000"},{"key":"R5-1-20210128","article-title":"Maximum Permissible Ambient Noise Levels for Audiometric Test Rooms. ANSI S3.1-1991.","year":"1991"},{"key":"R6-1-20210128","article-title":"Determination of Occupational Noise Exposure and Estimation of Noise-Induced Hearing Impairment. ANSI S3.44-2004.","year":"2004"},{"key":"R7-1-20210128","article-title":"American National Standard Specification for Audiometers. ANSI S3.6-1996.","year":"1996"},{"key":"R8-1-20210128","first-page":"297","article-title":"Guidelines for manual pure-tone threshold audiometry.","volume":"20","year":"1978","journal-title":"ASHA"},{"key":"R9-1-20210128","article-title":"Audiometers for General Diagnostic Purposes. ASA Z24.5-1951.","year":"1951"},{"key":"R10-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1121\/1.402045","article-title":"Normal hearing threshold levels in the low-frequency range determined by an insert earphone.","volume":"90","author":"Arlinger","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R11-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-149-1-200807010-00231","article-title":"Diabetes and hearing impairment in the United States: Audiometric evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999 to 2004.","volume":"149","author":"Bainbridge","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"R13-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.2404.330","article-title":"Preferred method for clinical determination of pure-tone thresholds.","volume":"24","author":"Carhart","year":"1959","journal-title":"J Speech Hear Disord"},{"key":"R14-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3064","DOI":"10.1121\/1.402943","article-title":"Corrected values for Annex B of ISO\u20131999.","volume":"91","author":"Clark","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R15-1-20210128","first-page":"215","article-title":"Effects of two procedural modifications of the frequency of false-alarm responses during pure-tone threshold determination.","volume":"23","author":"Dancer","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Aud Res"},{"key":"R16-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/18.4.911","article-title":"The prevalence of hearing impairment and reported hearing disability among adults in Great Britain.","volume":"18","author":"Davis","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R17-1-20210128","article-title":"Hearing in Adults.","author":"Davis","year":"1995"},{"key":"R18-1-20210128","first-page":"1","article-title":"A leaner, more skilled manufacturing workforce.","volume":"12","author":"Dietz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Issues Econ Finance"},{"key":"R19-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aud.0000233863.39603.f5","article-title":"Methodological issues when comparing hearing thresholds of a group with population standards: The case of the ferry engineers.","volume":"27","author":"Dobie","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"R20-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1080\/14992020500057731","article-title":"Screened and unscreened hearing threshold levels for the adult population: Results from the Nord-Tr\u00f8ndelag Hearing Loss Study.","volume":"44","author":"Engdahl","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Audiol"},{"key":"R21-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(97)00166-2","article-title":"Analysis of non-response bias in a mailed health survey.","volume":"50","author":"Etter","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"R22-1-20210128","article-title":"Hearing Levels of Adults by Age and Sex: United States, 1960\u20131962. (DHEWPUB-1000-Ser 11\u201311).","author":"Glorig","year":"1965"},{"key":"R23-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9924(86)90012-2","article-title":"The relationship of pulsed, continuous, and warble extended-high frequency thresholds.","volume":"19","author":"Hamill","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Commun Disord"},{"key":"R24-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1121\/1.383512","article-title":"Optimum threshold crossings and time-window validation in threshold pure-tone computerized audiometry.","volume":"66","author":"Harris","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"R25-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.pubmed.a024610","article-title":"Non-response bias in a lifestyle survey.","volume":"19","author":"Hill","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Public Health Med"},{"key":"R26-1-20210128","article-title":"ISO Recommendation R 389-Standard Reference Zero for the Calibration of Pure Tone Audiometers.","year":"1964"},{"key":"R27-1-20210128","article-title":"Acoustics: Determination of Occupational Noise Exposure and Estimation of Noise-Induced Hearing Impairment.","year":"1990"},{"key":"R28-1-20210128","article-title":"Acoustics: Reference Zero for the Calibration of Audiometric Equipment. Part 1: Reference Equivalent Threshold Sound Pressure Levels for Pure Tones and Supra-Aural Earphones.","year":"1998"},{"key":"R29-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3109\/01050398309076248","article-title":"Comparison of manual and computer-controlled audiometry using identical procedures.","volume":"12","author":"Jerlvall","year":"1983","journal-title":"Scand Audiol"},{"key":"R30-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.3109\/14992020209077182","article-title":"Hearing threshold levels for an otologically unscreened, non-occupationally noise-exposed population in Sweden.","volume":"41","author":"Johansson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Audiol"},{"key":"R32-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118032619","article-title":"Analysis of Health Surveys.","author":"Korn","year":"1999"},{"key":"R33-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1080\/14992020500189062","article-title":"Variation of young normal-hearing thresholds measured using different audiometric earphones: Implications for the acoustic coupler and the ear simulator.","volume":"44","author":"Lawton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Audiol"},{"key":"R34-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.3109\/00206099409071891","article-title":"The distribution of hearing threshold levels in the general population aged 18\u201330 years.","volume":"33","author":"Lutman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Audiology"},{"key":"R35-1-20210128","article-title":"Advances in Noise Research: Biological Effects of Noise.","author":"Lutman","year":"1998"},{"key":"R36-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(93)90148-T","article-title":"Non-response bias in studies of diabetic complications: The Rochester Diabetic Neuropathy Study.","volume":"46","author":"Melton","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"R38-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.3109\/00206098109072712","article-title":"Audiometric zero for air conduction: A verification and critique of international standards.","volume":"20","author":"Robinson","year":"1981","journal-title":"Audiology"},{"key":"R39-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1080\/15298667991429895","article-title":"Age effect hearing levels for a white nonindustrial noise exposed population (NINEP) and their use in evaluating industrial hearing conservation programs.","volume":"40","author":"Royster","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am Ind Hyg Assoc J"},{"key":"R40-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1080\/15298668091424456","article-title":"Age effect hearing levels for a black nonindustrial noise exposed population (NINEP).","volume":"41","author":"Royster","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am Ind Hyg Assoc J"},{"key":"R41-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-9276-3-3","article-title":"The Oslo Health Study: The impact of self-selection in a large, population-based survey.","volume":"3","author":"S\u00f8gaard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"key":"R42-1-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp370","article-title":"Generational differences in the prevalence of hearing impairment in older adults.","volume":"171","author":"Zhan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["Ear & Hearing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/AUD.0b013e3181e9770e","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T18:26:07Z","timestamp":1786040767000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00003446-201012000-00001"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/aud.0b013e3181e9770e","relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-0202"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-0202","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]}}}