{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:19:48Z","timestamp":1786119588418,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/aud.0b013e3181f46a17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,9]],"date-time":"2010-10-09T07:05:49Z","timestamp":1286607949000},"page":"258-265","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Mean Hearing Thresholds Among School Children in Taiwan"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Tzong-Hann","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuan-Song","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Huei","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuo-Chi","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pesus","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3180dca1e5","article-title":"Evaluation of middle ear function in young children: Clinical guidelines for the use of 226- and 1,000-Hz tympanometry.","volume":"28","author":"Alaerts","year":"2007","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"key":"R2-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1979.03290450053025","article-title":"Guide for the evaluation of hearing handicap.","volume":"241","year":"1979","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R6-11-20210128","first-page":"297","article-title":"Guidelines for manual pure-tone audiometry.","volume":"20","year":"1978","journal-title":"ASHA"},{"key":"R7-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.74.2.206","article-title":"Unilateral hearing impairment in children.","volume":"74","author":"Bess","year":"1984","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"R8-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1097\/00003446-199810000-00001","article-title":"Children with minimal sensorineural hearing loss: Prevalence, educational performance, and functional status.","volume":"19","author":"Bess","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"R9-11-20210128","article-title":"Otitis Media in Infants and Children (3rd ed.).","author":"Bluestone","year":"2000"},{"key":"R11-11-20210128","first-page":"493","article-title":"Uses and abuses of hearing loss classification.","volume":"23","author":"Clark","year":"1981","journal-title":"ASHA"},{"key":"R12-11-20210128","article-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.).","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"key":"R13-11-20210128","first-page":"25","article-title":"Hearing loss at age 7, 10 and 13: An audiometric follow-up study.","volume":"30","author":"Costa","year":"1988","journal-title":"Scand Audiol Suppl"},{"key":"R14-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2008.07.011","article-title":"Accurate tympanometric criteria for Chinese school children.","volume":"72","author":"Driscoll","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"R15-11-20210128","first-page":"262","article-title":"References zero levels for pure-tone audiometer.","volume":"7","author":"Goodman","year":"1965","journal-title":"ASHA"},{"key":"R16-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1097\/00003446-199612000-00003","article-title":"The hearing threshold levels of children at school age.","volume":"17","author":"Haapaniemi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"R17-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3102\/10769986006002107","article-title":"Distributional theory for Glass's estimator of effect size and related estimators.","volume":"6","author":"Hedges","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Educ Stat"},{"key":"R18-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1044\/0161-1461.2801.70","article-title":"Screening for hearing loss in adolescents.","volume":"28","author":"Holmes","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch"},{"key":"R19-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AUD.0000134553.60120.3A","article-title":"Mean and median hearing thresholds among children 6 to 19 years of age: The Third National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988 to 1994, United States.","volume":"25","author":"Holmes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"R21-11-20210128","first-page":"311","article-title":"Clinical experience with impedance audiometry.","volume":"92","author":"Jerger","year":"1970","journal-title":"Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"R22-11-20210128","first-page":"481","article-title":"Handbook of Clinical Audiology (5th ed.;","author":"Johnson","year":"2002"},{"key":"R23-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488209108506","article-title":"Long-term results of tympanostomy tube treatment in chronic secretory otitis media.","volume":"386","author":"Karma","year":"1982","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol Suppl (Stockholm)"},{"key":"R24-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.3109\/01050398909042194","article-title":"Hearing and hearing loss in 5-year-old children: Pure tone thresholds and the effect of acute otitis media.","volume":"18","author":"Karma","year":"1989","journal-title":"Scand Audiol"},{"key":"R25-11-20210128","first-page":"19","article-title":"Aural Rehabilitation Serving Children and Adults (3rd ed.;","author":"Katz","year":"1998"},{"key":"R26-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a008949","article-title":"Prevalence of childhood hearing loss. The Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey II.","volume":"144","author":"Lee","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R27-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100070651","article-title":"The scope and application of current audiometric tests.","volume":"83","author":"Liden","year":"1969","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"R28-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1044\/0161-1461.2201.269","article-title":"Prevalence of hearing impairment among school children.","volume":"22","author":"Lundeen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch"},{"key":"R29-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(86)80026-X","article-title":"Results of audiometrical screening in Finnish school children.","volume":"11","author":"Marttila","year":"1986","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"R30-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.12.022","article-title":"The epidemiology of hearing impairment in the United States: Newborns, children, and adolescents.","volume":"140","author":"Mehra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"R31-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-185X.2007.00027.x","article-title":"Effect size, confidence interval and statistical significance: A practical guide for biologists.","volume":"82","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc"},{"key":"R32-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.14.1071","article-title":"The prevalence of hearing loss among children 6\u201319 years of age: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.","volume":"279","author":"Niskar","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R33-11-20210128","article-title":"Hearing in Children (5th ed.).","author":"Northern","year":"2002"},{"key":"R34-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1830","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e31817d755e","article-title":"The need for standardization of methods for worldwide infant hearing screening: A systematic review.","volume":"118","author":"Olusanya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"R35-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.3109\/00206099209072910","article-title":"Left-right asymmetries in hearing threshold levels in three age groups of a random population.","volume":"31","author":"Piril\u00e4","year":"1992","journal-title":"Audiology"},{"key":"R36-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00456654","article-title":"Pure-tone hearing thresholds in otologically healthy 5-year-old children in Finland.","volume":"246","author":"Rahko","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"R37-11-20210128","first-page":"171","article-title":"The pure-tone hearing thresholds of otologically healthy 14-year-old children.","volume":"40","author":"Rahko-Laitila","year":"2001","journal-title":"Audiology"},{"key":"R38-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.3109\/03005367609078822","article-title":"Hearing levels of children tested at 7 and 11 years: A national study.","volume":"10","author":"Richardson","year":"1976","journal-title":"Br J Audiol"},{"key":"R39-11-20210128","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of persons with hearing trouble: United States, 1990\u201391.","volume":"10","author":"Ries","year":"1994","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat"},{"key":"R40-11-20210128","first-page":"1","article-title":"Hearing levels of U.S. youths 12\u201317 years.","volume":"11","author":"Roberts","year":"1975","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat"},{"key":"R41-11-20210128","first-page":"1","article-title":"Hearing sensitivity and related medical findings among children.","volume":"11","author":"Roberts","year":"1972","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat"},{"key":"R42-11-20210128","first-page":"1","article-title":"Hearing levels of children by age and sex.","volume":"11","author":"Roberts","year":"1970","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat"},{"key":"R44-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.2307\/3002019","article-title":"An approximate distribution of estimates of variance components.","volume":"2","author":"Satterthwaite","year":"1946","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"R45-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.4602.123","article-title":"Characteristics of hearing-impaired children in the public schools: Part I\u2014Demographic data.","volume":"46","author":"Shepard","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Speech Hear Disord"},{"key":"R46-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.3109\/01050398509045942","article-title":"Prevalence of hearing loss at the age of 15 in a birth cohort of 12 000 children from northern Finland.","volume":"14","author":"Sorri","year":"1985","journal-title":"Scand Audiol"},{"key":"R47-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488809138891","article-title":"Secretory otitis media and hearing loss.","volume":"457","author":"Sorri","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol Suppl (Stockholm)"},{"key":"R48-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.3109\/00206099109072873","article-title":"Test-retest variability in audiometric threshold with supraaural and insert earphones among children and adults.","volume":"30","author":"Stuart","year":"1991","journal-title":"Audiology"},{"key":"R49-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2004.11.020","article-title":"Prevalence of hearing loss in primary school children in Zimbabwe.","volume":"69","author":"Westerberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"R50-11-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0b013e318164aa61","article-title":"Tympanometric characteristics of Chinese school-aged children.","volume":"29","author":"Wong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ear Hear"}],"container-title":["Ear &amp; Hearing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/AUD.0b013e3181f46a17","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T18:39:30Z","timestamp":1786041570000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00003446-201103000-00011"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/aud.0b013e3181f46a17","relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-0202"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-0202","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]}}}