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The microbiome and \u03b3\u03b4-T cells have also been an area of active investigation. Several studies focus on the imaging phenotype of children with ERA, including the use of ultrasonography and MRI. MRI techniques studied in this population include dedicated MRI, whole-body MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging. Conventional and biologic disease-modifying agents continue to be the mainstay of therapy, though the past 2 years have witnessed several greatly needed randomized controlled trials to study the efficacy of these medications in ERA. Finally, long-term effectiveness studies of biologics in children with ERA have helped inform provider and patient expectations of disease response and prognosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Further evaluation of the role of the microbiome and the interleukin 17\/interleukin 23 axis, techniques to optimize evaluation of disease features, and efficacy and effectiveness of newer medications are greatly needed in this understudied population of children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/bor.0000000000000313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,20]],"date-time":"2016-06-20T11:13:08Z","timestamp":1466421188000},"page":"530-536","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Update on enthesitis-related arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Pamela F.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, The Children's Hospital of 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