{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T12:57:47Z","timestamp":1765976267018},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose of review<\/jats:title><jats:p>Axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) is a distinct clinical entity with characteristic clinical and radiographic features; however, a multitude of other metabolic, infectious and inflammatory disorders mimic it both clinically and radiographically.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Recent findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>We present in this review article recent updates about the various disease entities and conditions that may mimic AxSpA and how to differentiate among them. The sensitivity and specificity of MRI in diagnosing AxSpA has limitations and needs to be interpreted in the context of the clinical picture. Interestingly, some recent studies have highlighted that a relatively high prevalence of bone marrow edema on pelvic MRIs in healthy volunteers which could even be categorized as having a \u2018positive MRI\u2019 as defined by Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society. Another study revealed that a substantial proportion of patients with suspected sacroiliitis were more commonly diagnosed with diseases other than inflammatory sacroiliitis. On the basis of these reports, it is prudent to request MRIs in the appropriate clinical context and interpreted with caution taking into considerations the wide differential diagnosis of such MRI changes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Highlighting the clinical pearls that differentiate disorders suspected of having sacroiliitis will lead to earlier and correct diagnosis and management; however, one must always take into considerations the radiographic and MRI findings in addition to the clinical presentations in order to make the appropriate diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/bor.0000000000000613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,2]],"date-time":"2019-05-02T11:37:28Z","timestamp":1556797048000},"page":"335-343","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Mimics of axial spondyloarthritis"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Sali","family":"Merjanah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Igoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Magrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20230829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31591-4","article-title":"Axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"390","author":"Sieper","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R2-20230829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000825","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2018-000825","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of inflammatory back pain for axial spondyloarthritis in rheumatological care","volume":"4","author":"Poddubnyy","year":"2018","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"R3-20230829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.108233","article-title":"The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part II): validation and final selection","volume":"68","author":"Rudwaleit","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R4-20230829","first-page":"35","article-title":"Imaging of axial spondyloarthritis. 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