{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:07:43Z","timestamp":1786118863355,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/bor.0b013e3282fa13b4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,3]],"date-time":"2008-04-03T05:15:40Z","timestamp":1207199740000},"page":"269-275","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["At the horizon of innovative therapy in rheumatology: new biologic agents"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Axel","family":"Finckh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cem","family":"Gabay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199812)41:12<2196::AID-ART15>3.0.CO;2-2","article-title":"Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist","volume":"41","author":"Bresnihan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R2-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20221","article-title":"Combination therapy with etanercept and anakinra in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have been treated unsuccessfully with methotrexate","volume":"50","author":"Genovese","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R3-8-20210128","first-page":"LB02","article-title":"Clinical effects of palnacasan (PRAL), an orally-active interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme (ICE) inhibitor, in a 285 patient phase II trial in rheumatoid arthritis.","volume":"46","author":"Pavelka","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R4-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17401-1","article-title":"Prevention of cold-associated acute inflammation in familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome by interleukin-1 receptor antagonist","volume":"364","author":"Hoffman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R5-8-20210128","first-page":"S274","article-title":"Treatment of 4 patients with cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes with the long-acting IL-1 inhibitor IL-1 trap","volume":"52","author":"Canna","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R6-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050473","article-title":"Role of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in the pathogenesis of systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis and clinical response to IL-1 blockade","volume":"201","author":"Pascual","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"R7-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21061","article-title":"Rapid responses to anakinra in patients with refractory adult-onset Still's disease","volume":"52","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R8-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.020800","article-title":"Efficacy of anakinra in active ankylosing spondylitis: a clinical and magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"63","author":"Tan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R9-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.023176","article-title":"Open label trial of anakinra in active ankylosing spondylitis over 24 weeks","volume":"64","author":"Haibel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R10-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1191\/0961203304lu1047cr","article-title":"IL-1RA in refractory systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"13","author":"Moosig","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"R11-8-20210128","first-page":"908","article-title":"A multicenter randomized double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial of intraarticular anakinra in knee osteoarthritis","volume":"72","author":"Chevalier","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rev Rhum"},{"key":"R12-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R28","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2143","article-title":"A pilot study of IL-1 inhibition by anakinra in acute gout","volume":"9","author":"So","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"R13-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20303","article-title":"Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with humanized antiinterleukin-6 receptor antibody: a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"50","author":"Nishimoto","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R14-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2817","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22033","article-title":"Double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial of the interleukin-6 receptor antagonist, tocilizumab, in European patients with rheumatoid arthritis who had an incomplete response to methotrexate","volume":"54","author":"Maini","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R15-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.068064","article-title":"Study of active controlled monotherapy used for rheumatoid arthritis, an IL-6 inhibitor (SAMURAI): evidence of clinical and radiographic benefit from an x ray reader-blinded randomised controlled trial of tocilizumab","volume":"66","author":"Nishimoto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl II","key":"R16-8-20210128","first-page":"428","article-title":"Tocilizumab, a novel monoclonal antibody targeting IL-6 signalling significantly improves quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"66","author":"Alten","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl II","key":"R17-8-20210128","first-page":"87","article-title":"Tocilizumab, a novel monoclonal antibody targeting IL-6 signalling significantly reduces disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"66","author":"Smolen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R18-8-20210128","first-page":"L15","article-title":"IL-6 receptor inhibition with Tocilizumab reduces disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with inadequate response to a range of DMARDs: the TOWARD study","volume":"56","author":"Genovese","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R19-8-20210128","first-page":"L6","article-title":"Targeted inhibition of IL-6 signalling with tocillizimumab improves quality of life and function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with inadequate response to a range of DMARDs","volume":"56","author":"Gomez-Reino","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R20-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20944","article-title":"Therapeutic efficacy of humanized recombinant antiinterleukin-6 receptor antibody in children with systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"52","author":"Yokota","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R21-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1281","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1826","article-title":"Open label phase II trial of single, ascending doses of MRA in Caucasian children with severe systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: proof of principle of the efficacy of IL-6 receptor blockade in this type of arthritis and demonstration of prolonged clinical improvement","volume":"7","author":"Woo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"Suppl. II","key":"R22-8-20210128","first-page":"59","article-title":"A multicenter, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study of tocilizimumab, an anti IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody, in children with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"65","author":"Yokota","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R23-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2686","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21249","article-title":"Targeting interleukin-15 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a proof-of-concept study","volume":"52","author":"Baslund","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"Suppl II","key":"R24-8-20210128","first-page":"441","article-title":"6 weeks of treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis with an orally active inhibitor of janus kinase3, CP-690,550, is associated with dose-dependant increases in remission rates and improvement in the CDAI and SDAI","volume":"66","author":"Breedveld","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R25-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2006.06.004","article-title":"IS IL-1 a good therapeutic target in the treatment of arthritis?","volume":"20","author":"Burger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"R26-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200005)43:5<1001::AID-ANR7>3.0.CO;2-P","article-title":"A multicenter, double-blind, dose-ranging, randomized, placebo-controlled study of recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: radiologic progression and correlation of Genant and Larsen scores","volume":"43","author":"Jiang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R27-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1038\/nm811","article-title":"Cytokine traps: multicomponent, high-affinity blockers of cytokine action","volume":"9","author":"Economides","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"R28-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1006\/cyto.1996.0052","article-title":"Interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme inhibition blocks progression of type II collagen-induced arthritis in mice","volume":"8","author":"Ku","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"R29-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13501","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2135380100","article-title":"Pyrin binds the PSTPIP1\/CD2BP1 protein, defining familial Mediterranean fever and PAPA syndrome as disorders in the same pathway","volume":"100","author":"Shoham","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R30-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.026617","article-title":"Refractory adult onset Still's disease successfully treated with anakinra","volume":"64","author":"Vasques Godinho","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R31-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.025858","article-title":"Preliminary results of safety and efficacy of the interleukin 1 receptor antagonist anakinra in patients with severe lupus arthritis","volume":"64","author":"Ostendorf","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R32-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04516","article-title":"Gout-associated uric acid crystals activate the NALP3 inflammasome","volume":"440","author":"Martinon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R33-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12099","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0705268104","article-title":"IL-6-dependent and -independent pathways in the development of interleukin 17-producing T helper cells","volume":"104","author":"Kimura","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R34-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(89)90438-8","article-title":"Interleukin-6 triggers the association of its receptor with a possible signal transducer, gp130","volume":"58","author":"Taga","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"R35-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3435","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.6.3435","article-title":"The IL-6-soluble IL-6Ralpha autocrine loop of endothelial activation as an intermediate between acute and chronic inflammation: an experimental model involving thrombin","volume":"167","author":"Marin","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R36-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830181122","article-title":"Excessive production of interleukin 6\/B cell stimulatory factor-2 in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"18","author":"Hirano","year":"1988","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"R37-8-20210128","first-page":"22","article-title":"Serial estimation of interleukin 6 as a measure of systemic disease in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"19","author":"Dasgupta","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"R38-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80334-9","article-title":"Role of IL-6 and its soluble receptor in induction of chemokines and leukocyte recruitment","volume":"6","author":"Romano","year":"1997","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"R39-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/34.4.321","article-title":"Interleukin-6 (IL-6) induces the proliferation of synovial fibroblastic cells in the presence of soluble IL-6 receptor","volume":"34","author":"Mihara","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br J Rheumatol"},{"key":"R40-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11924","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.24.11924","article-title":"Soluble interleukin-6 receptor triggers osteoclast formation by interleukin 6","volume":"90","author":"Tamura","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R41-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1385\/CRIAI:28:3:231","article-title":"Clinical study of tocilizumab in children with systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"28","author":"Yokota","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"R42-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3388","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10620","article-title":"Humanized monoclonal antiinterleukin-6 receptor antibody for treatment of intractable adult-onset Still's disease","volume":"46","author":"Iwamoto","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R43-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1385\/CRIAI:28:3:221","article-title":"Clinical studies in patients with Castleman's disease, Crohn's disease, and rheumatoid arthritis in Japan","volume":"28","author":"Nishimoto","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"R44-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.1994.14.301","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of interleukin-6 during therapy with antiinterleukin-6 monoclonal antibodies: enhanced clearance of interleukin-6 by a combination of three antiinterleukin-6 antibodies","volume":"14","author":"Montero-Julian","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Interferon Res"},{"key":"R45-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4334","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.7.4334","article-title":"In vivo neutralization of human IL-6 (hIL-6) achieved by immunization of hIL-6-transgenic mice with a hIL-6 receptor antagonist","volume":"166","author":"De Benedetti","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R46-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1517\/14728222.11.5.613","article-title":"The IL- 6\/sIL-6R complex as a novel target for therapeutic approaches","volume":"11","author":"Rose-John","year":"2007","journal-title":"Expert Opin Ther Targets"},{"key":"R47-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4827","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-0188","article-title":"A novel peptide specifically binding to interleukin-6 receptor (gp80) inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth","volume":"65","author":"Su","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"R48-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5818","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.9.5818","article-title":"Targeting IL-15 receptor-bearing cells with an antagonist mutant IL-15\/Fc protein prevents disease development and progression in murine collagen- induced arthritis","volume":"173","author":"Ferrari-Lacraz","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R49-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22733","article-title":"Interleukin-17 in fashion, at last: ten years after its description, its cellular source has been identified","volume":"56","author":"Miossec","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R50-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1497","article-title":"Interleukin-18: a therapeutic target in rheumatoid arthritis?","volume":"7","author":"McInnes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"R51-8-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22452","article-title":"Blockade of the interleukin-21\/interleukin-21 receptor pathway ameliorates disease in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"56","author":"Young","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"}],"container-title":["Current Opinion in Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/BOR.0b013e3282fa13b4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T16:59:02Z","timestamp":1786035542000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00002281-200805000-00008"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/bor.0b013e3282fa13b4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-8711"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-8711","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]}}}