{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:47:46Z","timestamp":1792792066089,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to compare rates of surgical site infection (SSI) in patients with type 3 open fractures who had received cefazolin plus gentamicin versus piperacillin\/tazobactam for antibiotic prophylaxis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Level 1 trauma center.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Patients:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Seven hundred sixty-six patients admitted between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2012, with open fractures were identified using the National Trauma Data Bank by searching <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ICD-9<\/jats:italic>) codes. Electronic medical record review revealed 134 patients with type 3 open fractures, of which 72 were included in the final analysis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Intervention:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Administration of cefazolin plus gentamicin or piperacillin\/tazobactam for type 3 open fracture antibiotic prophylaxis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Main Outcome Measurements:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>SSI, nonunion, death, and rehospitalization rates at 1 year.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Surgical site infection at 1 year occurred in 12 of 37 patients (32.4%) in the cefazolin plus gentamicin group and 11 of 35 patients (31.4%) in the piperacillin\/tazobactam group (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 1.000). Nonunion, death, and rehospitalization rates at 1 year were similar between the 2 groups. Although there was no statistically significant difference in SSI at 30 days between groups, the rate was higher in the cefazolin plus gentamicin group (21.6% vs. 11.4%; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.246).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>At our institution, use of piperacillin\/tazobactam as compared with cefazolin plus gentamicin for antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with type 3 open fractures showed similar rates of SSI, nonunion, mortality, and rehospitalization at 1 year after injury.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/bot.0000000000000554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,30]],"date-time":"2016-01-30T01:58:09Z","timestamp":1454119089000},"page":"415-419","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Surgical Site Infections in Patients With Type 3 Open Fractures: Comparing Antibiotic Prophylaxis With Cefazolin Plus Gentamicin Versus Piperacillin\/Tazobactam"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Jenessa","family":"Redfern","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott M.","family":"Wasilko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meghan E.","family":"Groth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wesley D.","family":"McMillian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig S.","family":"Bartlett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20230829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200305000-00008","article-title":"Open fractures: evaluation and management","volume":"11","author":"Zalavras","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg."},{"key":"R2-20230829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(98)00125-9","article-title":"The epidemiology of open long bone fractures","volume":"29","author":"Court-Brown","year":"1998","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R3-20230829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199408000-00006","article-title":"Interobserver agreement in the classification of open fractures of the tibia. 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