{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:37:50Z","timestamp":1787009870378,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"\n Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n To compare the radiologic and clinical results of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) and minimal open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for simple distal tibial fractures.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design:<\/jats:title>\n Randomized prospective study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Setting:<\/jats:title>\n Three level 1 trauma centers.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Patients:<\/jats:title>\n Fifty-eight patients with simple and distal tibial fractures were randomized into a MIPO group (treatment with MIPO; n = 29) or a minimal group (treatment with minimal ORIF; n = 29). These numbers were designed to define the rate of soft tissue complication; therefore, validation of superiority in union time or determination of differences in rates of delayed union was limited in this study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Intervention:<\/jats:title>\n Simple distal tibial fractures treated with MIPO or minimal ORIF.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcome Measurements:<\/jats:title>\n The clinical outcome measurements included operative time, radiation exposure time, and soft tissue complications. To evaluate a patient's function, the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle score (AOFAS) was used. Radiologic measurements included fracture alignment, delayed union, and union time.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n All patients acquired bone union without any secondary intervention. The mean union time was 17.4 weeks and 16.3 weeks in the MIPO and minimal groups, respectively. There was 1 case of delayed union and 1 case of superficial infection in each group. The radiation exposure time was shorter in the minimal group than in the MIPO group. Coronal angulation showed a difference between both groups. The American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle scores were 86.0 and 86.7 in the MIPO and minimal groups, respectively. Minimal ORIF resulted in similar outcomes, with no increased rate of soft tissue problems compared to MIPO.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n Both MIPO and minimal ORIF have high union rates and good functional outcomes for simple distal tibial fractures. Minimal ORIF did not result in increased rates of infection and wound dehiscence.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/bot.0000000000001007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]],"date-time":"2017-08-23T19:11:42Z","timestamp":1503515502000},"page":"e19-e24","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["A Prospective Randomized Study on Operative Treatment for Simple Distal Tibial Fractures\u2014Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis Versus Minimal Open Reduction and Internal Fixation"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Ji Wan","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun Uk","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University, Guri, Republic of Korea; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang-Wug","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Dae-gu, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joon-Woo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Dae-gu, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ki Chul","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University, Guri, Republic of Korea; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20230828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000188936.79798.4e","article-title":"Distal metaphyseal fractures of tibia: a prospective randomized trial of closed reduction and intramedullary nail versus open reduction and plate and screws fixation","volume":"59","author":"Im","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R2-20230828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.09.013","article-title":"Treatment of distal tibial metaphyseal fractures: plating versus shortened intramedullary nailing","volume":"37","author":"Yang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R3-20230828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(83)90094-3","article-title":"A study of function after tibial cast bracing","volume":"14","author":"Digby","year":"1983","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R4-20230828","first-page":"117","article-title":"Long-term results after conservative and surgical treatment of fractures of the distal end of the tibia [in German]","volume":"16","author":"Resch","year":"1986","journal-title":"Aktuelle Traumatol."},{"key":"R5-20230828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200201000-00004","article-title":"Modified tibial nails for treating distal tibia fractures","volume":"16","author":"Gorczyca","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma."},{"key":"R6-20230828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-006-0237-1","article-title":"Treatment of distal tibial fractures: plate versus nail: a retrospective outcome analysis of matched pairs of patients","volume":"31","author":"Janssen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int Orthop."},{"key":"R7-20230828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31816ed974","article-title":"Radiographic and clinical comparisons of distal tibia shaft fractures (4 to 11 cm proximal to the plafond): plating versus intramedullary nailing","volume":"22","author":"Vallier","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma."},{"key":"R8-20230828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.77B5.7559711","article-title":"Distal metaphyseal fractures of the tibia with minimal involvement of the ankle. 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