{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T03:09:57Z","timestamp":1773284997597,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Surgical site infection (SSI) is a devastating complication of proximal femoral fracture surgery, related with an increased morbidity and mortality. As warfarin treatment has been described as a risk factor for SSI, we aimed to compare patient and SSI characteristics in warfarin and nonanticoagulated patients.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Level-1 trauma center.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Patients:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Individuals 65 years of age and older with fragility hip fractures.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Intervention:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Patients were divided into 2 cohorts: warfarin treated (n = 85) or nonanticoagulated (n = 771). Demographics, in-hospital characteristics, laboratory data, prior hospitalizations, recent antibiotic use, and 1-year incidence of SSIs and their characteristics were gathered.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Postoperative SSIs.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Twelve patients (14.1%) from the warfarin group and 21 patients (2.7%) from the noncoagulated group had SSI (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). Both groups were comparable in terms of demographics and Charlson comorbidity score. Warfarin-treated patients had reduced white blood and neutrophils counts (10.1 \u00b1 3.2 vs. 11.6 \u00b1 4.0 cells\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> and 8.1 \u00b1 3.2 vs. 9.6 \u00b1 3.9 cells\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> for both comparisons respectively; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001 for both). They were more likely to be admitted to a geriatric ward than to orthopedics ward and were delayed to theater (58.5 \u00b1 44.5 vs. 30.6 \u00b1 27.4 hours; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). Following surgery, there was no difference in blood transfusions required, in-hospital complications, or time to infection. Rates of prior hospitalizations, antibiotic use, or type of bacteria did not differ.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Warfarin treatment in fragility hip fracture surgery is correlated with an increased risk for SSI, regardless of in-hospital complications, and hospitalizations before surgery or to the infection itself.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/bot.0000000000001508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,16]],"date-time":"2019-05-16T11:32:29Z","timestamp":1558006349000},"page":"518-524","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Surgical Site Infections in Elderly Fragility Hip Fractures Patients Undergoing Warfarin Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Tal","family":"Frenkel Rutenberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Vitenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dafna","family":"Yahav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Unit, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel;"},{"name":"Epidemiology Department, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel\u2010Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Galia","family":"Spectre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Unit, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel\u2010Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;"},{"name":"Coagulation Unit, Institution of Hematology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Velkes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel;"},{"name":"Orthopedic Department, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel\u2010Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20230828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2015.12.032","article-title":"Increased infection risk after hip hemiarthroplasty in institutionalized patients with proximal femur fracture","volume":"47","author":"Gallardo-Calero","year":"2016","journal-title":"Injury."},{"key":"R2-20230828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.99B8.BJJ-2016-1119.R1","article-title":"Factors affecting the rate of surgical site infection in patients after hemiarthroplasty of the hip following a fracture of the neck of the femur","volume":"99B","author":"de Jong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bone Joint J."},{"key":"R3-20230828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-015-3033-y","article-title":"What are the risk factors for post-operative infection after hip hemiarthroplasty? 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