{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T08:00:16Z","timestamp":1792569616703,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,9]],"date-time":"2020-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578528000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To evaluate the efficacy of intravenous (IV) ibuprofen (Caldolor) administration in the management of acute pain in orthopedic trauma patients and to minimize opioid use.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Randomized controlled trial, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Level 1 Trauma Center.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Patients:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A total of 99 consecutive orthopedic trauma patients with fractures of the ribs, face, extremities, and\/or pelvis were randomized to receive either 800 mg IV ibuprofen (53 patients) or placebo (44 patients) administered every 6 hours for a total of 8 doses within 48 hours of admission and the same PRN medications along with 20-mg IV\/PO Pepcid twice a day. To establish pain reduction efficacy, the analysis was consequently performed in the modified intent-to-treat group that included 74 randomized subjects with a baseline pain score greater than 2. The primary outcomes were reduction in opioid consumption and decrease in pain intensity (PI).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Intervention:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Administration of study medications.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Outcome Measurements:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>PI measured by Numerical Rating Scale, opioid consumption adjusted to morphine equivalent dose, and time to first narcotic administration.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The 2 groups had comparable baseline characteristics: age, sex distribution, mechanism of injury, type of injury, injury severity score, and PI. IV ibuprofen statistically significantly reduced opioid consumption compared with placebo during the initial 48-hour period (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.017). PI calculated as PI differences was statistically different only at 8-hour interval after Caldolor administration. Time to first narcotic medication was significantly longer in the Caldolor group (hazard ratio: 1.640; 95% confidence interval, 1.009\u20132.665; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.046).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>IV ibuprofen provided adequate analgesia, prolonged time to first narcotic administration, and was opioid-sparing for the treatment of pain in orthopedic trauma patients, which makes Caldolor a recommended candidate for managing acute pain in the diverse orthopaedic trauma population.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/bot.0000000000001733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,13]],"date-time":"2020-01-13T10:48:25Z","timestamp":1578912505000},"page":"341-347","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Intravenous Ibuprofen Reduces Opioid Consumption During the Initial 48 Hours After Injury in Orthopedic Trauma Patients"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Russell D.","family":"Weisz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander A.","family":"Fokin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivian","family":"Lerner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Flynt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PharPoint Research, Durham, NC; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ines","family":"Macias-Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cumberland Pharmaceuticals, Nashville, TN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leo","family":"Pavliv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cumberland Pharmaceuticals, Nashville, TN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maggie","family":"Crawford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Puente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delray Medical Center, Delray Beach, FL;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20230828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm675152e1","article-title":"Drug and opioid-involved overdose deaths - United States, 2013-2017","volume":"67","author":"Scholl","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep."},{"key":"R2-20230828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001479","article-title":"Orthopaedic surgeons responding to the US opioid crisis. 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