{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T23:47:55Z","timestamp":1790207275207,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"11S","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001473","name":"AO North America","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["171408-FEL2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["171408-FEL2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001473","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>OBJECTIVES:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To quantify the occupational radiation exposure with a 3-dimensional (3D) fluoroscopic machine during routine use in pelvic and acetabular surgery and to determine whether the additional radiation exposure encountered with the 3D fluoroscopic spin is within previously accepted limits.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Prospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Level I trauma center.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Patient Selection Criteria:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>All patients undergoing 3D fluoroscopy intraoperatively during pelvis (OTA\/AO 61B,C) or acetabular (OTA\/AO 62A-C) surgery between April 2021 and July 2021.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Outcome Measures and Comparisons:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Radiation dose at standardized locations around the operating room during the spin portion of the 3D fluoroscopy.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Seventy-six 3D spins were performed on 69 patients during the study period. The average emitted radiation dose from the machine for the routine fluoroscopy portion of the case was 74.5 mGy. The average displayed radiation dose in the air for the spin portion of the case was 39.9 mGy, an average of 53.6% less radiation than the routine fluoroscopy portion. For the spin portion, the average radiation exposure seen by the patient was 3.42 mGy (centered on the patient) and the average maximal exposure in the room was 0.062 mGy. Minimal radiation was detected outside the operating room doors.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The radiation exposure encountered by operating room personnel with 3D fluoroscopy appears to be within safe occupational limits. The marginal increase in radiation exposure during pelvic and acetabular surgery should not discourage the use of 3D imaging intraoperatively.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Level IV, Case Series.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/bot.0000000000002885","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,21]],"date-time":"2024-10-21T13:02:03Z","timestamp":1729515723000},"page":"S29-S34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Occupational Radiation Exposure During Intraoperative 3-Dimensional Fluoroscopy in Pelvis and Acetabular Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0810-128X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle M.","family":"Gosselin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, CA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3595-3679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel H.","family":"Ngo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9506-6322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley E.","family":"Levack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Chicago, IL;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Kutzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olaolu","family":"Osunbayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet Ching-Mei","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1682-3208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua L.","family":"Gary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7170-7247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Warner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7460-454X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milton L. Chip","family":"Routt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"R1-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S37","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001403","article-title":"Improved intraoperative fluoroscopy for pelvic and acetabular surgery","volume":"33","author":"Routt","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"R2-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2171","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-017-3447-9","article-title":"Intra-operative multi-dimensional fluoroscopy of guide pin placement prior to iliosacral screw fixation for posterior pelvic ring injuries and sacroiliac dislocation: an early case series","volume":"41","author":"Shaw","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"R3-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001796","article-title":"Multidimensional pelvic fluoroscopy: a new and novel technique for assessing safety and accuracy of percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation","volume":"34","author":"Shaw","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"R4-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001968","article-title":"Quantifying radiation exposure from intraoperative computed tomography in traditionally safe operating room zones","volume":"35","author":"Ford","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"R5-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e53","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000442","article-title":"Reduction of radiation exposure from C-arm fluoroscopy during orthopaedic trauma operations with introduction of real-time dosimetry","volume":"30","author":"Baumgartner","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"R6-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0060","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.19.00060","article-title":"Radiation exposure in orthopaedics","volume":"8","author":"Frane","year":"2020","journal-title":"JBJS Rev"},{"key":"R7-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.16.01557","article-title":"Tracking cumulative radiation exposure in orthopaedic surgeons and residents: what dose are we getting?","volume":"99","author":"Gausden","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R8-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-16-00342","article-title":"Radiation exposure and health risks for orthopaedic surgeons","volume":"26","author":"Hayda","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"R9-20250326","first-page":"1","article-title":"The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection: ICRP publication 103","volume":"37","author":"Valentin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann ICRP"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"R11-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001063","article-title":"Fracture and dislocation classification compendium - 2018","volume":"32","author":"Meinberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"R13-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200501000-00009","article-title":"Occupational radiation exposure to the surgeon","volume":"13","author":"Singer","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/BOT.0000000000002885","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]],"date-time":"2025-03-29T21:32:52Z","timestamp":1743283972000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/BOT.0000000000002885"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11S","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/bot.0000000000002885","relation":{},"ISSN":["0890-5339","1531-2291"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0890-5339","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-2291","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-30","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}