{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T13:26:28Z","timestamp":1792070788339,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/bot.0b013e31819211b2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,19]],"date-time":"2008-12-19T03:26:32Z","timestamp":1229657192000},"page":"22-30","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":120,"title":["The Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fractures: Results Using an Intramedullary Nail With Integrated Cephalocervical Screws and Linear Compression"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Andreas H","family":"Ruecker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Rupprecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Gruber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Gebauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Barvencik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Briem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J M","family":"Rueger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"R1-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(93)90345-B","article-title":"Incidence of hip fractures in Malmo, Sweden (1950-1991).","volume":"14","author":"Gulberg","year":"1993","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"R2-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(95)00381-9","article-title":"Epidemiology of hip fractures.","volume":"18","author":"Kannus","year":"1996","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"R3-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200001000-00005","article-title":"A functional recovery score for elderly hip fracture patients: development.","volume":"14","author":"Zuckerman","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"R4-4-20210212","first-page":"292","article-title":"Treatment and late results in para-articular femoral fractures.","volume":"90","author":"Bohnel","year":"1987","journal-title":"Unfallchirurg"},{"key":"R5-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678008990781","article-title":"Mortality and life expectancy after hip fractures.","volume":"51","author":"Dahl","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"R6-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.79.3.274","article-title":"Survival experience of aged hip fracture patients.","volume":"79","author":"Magaziner","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"R7-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(95)90008-L","article-title":"Death after proximal femoral fracture: an autopsy study.","volume":"26","author":"Perez","year":"1995","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R8-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.63B3.7263746","article-title":"Internal fixation versus hemiarthroplasty for the displaced subcapital fracture of the femur. A prospective randomized study.","volume":"63-B","author":"Sikorski","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"R9-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(97)90027-9","article-title":"Clinical outcomes and treatment of hip fractures.","volume":"103","author":"Lyons","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"R10-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01623184","article-title":"Hip fractures in the elderly: a world-wide projection.","volume":"2","author":"Cooper","year":"1992","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"R11-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199003000-00024","article-title":"The future of hip fractures in the United States: numbers, costs, and potential effects of postmenopausal estrogen.","volume":"252","author":"Cummings","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"R12-4-20210212","first-page":"1458","article-title":"A new intramedullary nail device for the treatment of intertrochanteric hip fractures: perioperative experience.","volume":"61","author":"Bienkowski","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"R13-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200108000-00003","article-title":"Prospective randomized controlled trial of an intramedullary nail versus dynamic screw and plate for intertrochanteric fractures of the femur.","volume":"15","author":"Adams","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"R14-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199708000-00006","article-title":"Gamma nailing of pertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures: clinical results of a series of sixty-three consecutive cases.","volume":"11","author":"Chevalley","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"R15-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(92)90169-S","article-title":"Complications associated with the use of the Gamma nail.","volume":"23","author":"Williams","year":"1992","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R16-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(97)00035-1","article-title":"Failure of femoral head fixation: a cadaveric analysis of lag screw cut-out with the Gamma locking nail and AO dynamic hip screw.","volume":"28","author":"Haynes","year":"1997","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R17-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.75B5.8376441","article-title":"A prospective randomised comparison of the dynamic hip screw and the Gamma locking nail.","volume":"75","author":"Radford","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"R18-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.77B2.7706346","article-title":"Prevention of fracture at the distal locking site of the Gamma nail: a biomechanical study.","volume":"77B","author":"Lacroix","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"R19-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s002640050055","article-title":"Gamma versus DHS nailing for extracapsular femoral fractures: meta-analysis of ten randomised trials.","volume":"20","author":"Parker","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"R20-4-20210212","first-page":"62","article-title":"Indications for use of the long Gamma nail.","volume":"350","author":"Rodriguez Alvarez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"R21-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200212000-00035","article-title":"Biomechanical evaluation of the proximal femoral nail.","volume":"405","author":"Schipper","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"R23-4-20210212","first-page":"111","article-title":"New classification of physical status.","volume":"24","year":"1963","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"R24-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196951040-00012","article-title":"Traumatic arthritis of the hip after dislocation and acetabular fractures: treatment by Moore arthroplasty. An end result study using a new method of result evaluation.","volume":"51","author":"Harris","year":"1969","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R25-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-20030101-15","article-title":"Outcomes of hip fracture surgery in patients aged or = 90 ye 90 years.","volume":"26","author":"Tanaka","year":"2003","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"R26-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288809164105","article-title":"The Barthel ADL Index: a standard measure of physical disability?","volume":"10","author":"Wade","year":"1988","journal-title":"Int Disabil Stud"},{"key":"R27-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(00)00125-X","article-title":"Internal fixation versus hemi-arthroplasty versus total hip arthroplasty for displaced subcapital fractures of femur-13 year results of a prospective randomised study.","volume":"31","author":"Ravikumar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R28-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(47)90308-5","article-title":"An adjustable internal fixation element fort he hip.","volume":"73","author":"McLaughlin","year":"1947","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"R29-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195537040-00003","article-title":"A new principle in the operative treatment of trochanteric fractures of the femur.","volume":"37","author":"Schumpelick","year":"1955","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R30-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199803000-00014","article-title":"Comparison of the compression hip screw with the Medoff sliding plate for intertrochanteric fractures.","volume":"348","author":"Watson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"R31-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(03)00287-0","article-title":"Unstable trochanteric femoral fractures: extramedullary or intramedullary fixation. Review of literature.","volume":"35","author":"Schipper","year":"2004","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R32-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.73B2.2005167","article-title":"Fixation of intertrochanteric fractures of the femur: a randomised prospective comparison of the gamma nail and the dynamic hip screw.","volume":"73","author":"Bridle","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"R33-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(95)00126-T","article-title":"Comparison of dynamic hip screw and Gamma nail: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial.","volume":"26","author":"Butt","year":"1995","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R34-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199410000-00001","article-title":"A prospective comparative study of the compression hip screw and the Gamma nail.","volume":"8","author":"Goldhagen","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"R35-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199805000-00002","article-title":"Use of an intramedullary hip-screw compared with a compression hip-screw with a plate for intertrochanteric femoral fractures. A prospective, randomized study of one hundred patients.","volume":"80","author":"Hardy","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R36-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.3109\/17453679909000981","article-title":"Extramedullary fixation of 107 subtrochanteric fractures: a randomized multicenter trial of the Medoff sliding plate versus 3 other screw-plate systems.","volume":"70","author":"Lunsjo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"R37-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199805000-00005","article-title":"Dynamic hip screw with trochanteric stabilizing plate in the treatment of unstable proximal femoral fractures: a comparative study with the Gamma nail and compression hip screw.","volume":"12","author":"Madsen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"R38-4-20210212","first-page":"516","article-title":"Fixation of intertrochanteric hip fractures: Gamma nail versus dynamic hip screw. A randomized, prospective study.","volume":"38","author":"OBrien","year":"1995","journal-title":"Can J Surg"},{"key":"R39-4-20210212","first-page":"62","article-title":"Internal fixation of intertrochanteric hip fractures: a clinical and biomechanical study.","volume":"13","author":"Jacobs","year":"1980","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"R40-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00181709","article-title":"Factors affecting sliding of the lag screw in intertrochanteric fractures.","volume":"17","author":"Rha","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"R41-4-20210212","first-page":"288","article-title":"Biomechanical analysis of the Gamma nail and sliding hip screw.","volume":"280-","author":"Mahomed","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"R42-4-20210212","first-page":"697","article-title":"The Gamma-nail as a resilient alternative to the dynamic hip screw in unstable proximal femoral fractures in the elderly.","volume":"58","author":"Guyer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Helv Chir Acta"},{"key":"R43-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(01)00106-1","article-title":"Intramedullary hip screw versus sliding hip screw for unstable intertrochanteric femoral fractures in the elderly.","volume":"33","author":"Harrington","year":"2002","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R44-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199602000-00020","article-title":"Multicenter trial of modified Gamma nail in East Asia.","volume":"323","author":"Leung","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"R45-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1080\/00016470152846574","article-title":"More postoperative femoral fractures with the Gamma nail than the sliding screw plate in the treatment of trochanteric fractures.","volume":"72","author":"Osnes","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"R46-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(99)00091-1","article-title":"The AO\/ASIF-proximal femoral nail (PFN): a new device for the treatment of unstable proximal femoral fractures.","volume":"30","author":"Simmermacher","year":"1999","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R47-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.74B3.1587875","article-title":"A biomechanical evaluation of the Gamma nail.","volume":"74","author":"Rosenblum","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"R48-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200207000-00004","article-title":"Pertrochanteric fractures: is there an advantage to an intramedullary nail? A randomized, prospective study of 206 patients comparing the dynamic hip screw and proximal femoral nail.","volume":"16","author":"Saudan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"R49-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(03)00076-7","article-title":"Finite element study of intramedullary osteosynthesis in the treatment of trochanteric fractures of the hip: Gamma and PFN.","volume":"35","author":"Seral","year":"2004","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R50-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-4533(02)00185-6","article-title":"Finite element study of trochanteric gamma nail for trochanteric fracture.","volume":"25","author":"Sitthiseripratip","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys"},{"key":"R51-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200208000-00024","article-title":"A randomized study of the compression hip screw and gamma nail in 426 fractures.","volume":"401","author":"Ahrengart","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"R52-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199803000-00015","article-title":"Intramedullary versus extramedullary fixation for the treatment of intertrochanteric hip fractures.","volume":"348","author":"Baumgaertner","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"R53-4-20210212","first-page":"173","article-title":"Comparison of compression hip screw and Gamma nail for treatment of pertrochanteric fractures.","volume":"6","author":"Bess","year":"1997","journal-title":"J South Orthop Assoc"},{"key":"R54-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1007\/s001130050391","article-title":"Classic nail versus DHS: a prospective randomised study of fixation of trochanteric femur fractures.","volume":"102","author":"Hoffmann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Unfallchirurg"},{"key":"R55-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.74B3.1587874","article-title":"Gamma nails and dynamic hip screws for pertrochanteric fractures: a randomised prospective study in elderly patients.","volume":"74B","author":"Leung","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"R56-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1007\/s00113-002-0416-5","article-title":"[Intra- and perioperative complications in the stabilization of per- and subtrochanteric femoral fractures by means of PFN] [German].","volume":"105","author":"Werner-Tutschku","year":"2002","journal-title":"Unfallchirurg"},{"key":"R57-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-836453","article-title":"Trochanteric Gamma nail vs. proximal femoral nail for pertrochanteric fractures: a comparative study.","volume":"143","author":"Megas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb"},{"key":"R58-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.3109\/17453679408995418","article-title":"Gamma nail vs. compression screw for trochanteric femoral fractures: fifteen re-operations in a prospective randomized study of three hundred and seventy eight patients.","volume":"65","author":"Aune","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"R59-4-20210212","first-page":"251","article-title":"Complications associated with gamma nailing: a review of 439 cases.","volume":"68","author":"Docquier","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Belg"},{"key":"R60-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200203000-00007","article-title":"Treatment of reverse and transverse intertrochanteric fractures with use of an intramedullary nail or 95 degrees screw-plate: a prospective, randomized study.","volume":"84A","author":"Sadowski","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R61-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bot.0000151819.95075.ad","article-title":"Trochanteric Gamma nail and compression hip screw for trochanteric fractures: a randomized, prospective, comparative study in 210 elderly patients with a new design of the Gamma nail.","volume":"19","author":"Utrilla","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"R62-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1993.tb137698.x","article-title":"The domiciliary rehabilitation and support program.","volume":"159","author":"Sikorski","year":"1993","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"R63-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(89)90171-X","article-title":"Displaced subcapital fractures of the femur: a prospective randomized comparison of internal fixation, hemiarthroplasty and total hip replacement.","volume":"20","author":"Skinner","year":"1989","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R64-4-20210212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196850070-00003","article-title":"Fractures about the hip in an institutionalized patient population. II. Survival and ability to walk again.","volume":"50-A","author":"Neimann","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31819211b2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T17:28:16Z","timestamp":1786037296000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00005131-200901000-00004"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/bot.0b013e31819211b2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0890-5339"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0890-5339","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]}}}