{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:49:04Z","timestamp":1790614144088,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"16","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,15]]},"abstract":"\n Study Design.<\/jats:title>\n Retrospective review.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective.<\/jats:title>\n To analyze outcomes and complications of growing rods fixed to the pelvis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Summary of Background Data.<\/jats:title>\n Growing systems with pelvic foundations are used for neuromuscular\/syndromic scoliosis. There is little data comparing different constructs. This project analyzed the outcomes and complications of this population.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods.<\/jats:title>\n Records\/radiographs of 36 patients from the Growing Spine database with growing rods anchored in the pelvis were studied. Diagnoses included spinal muscular atrophy-6, cerebral palsy-5, myelomeningocele-5, congenital-4, arthrogryposis-1, and miscellaneous\/syndromic-15. Age at surgery was 6.8 \u00b1 3 years. Preoperative curve was 86\u00b0 \u00b1 22\u00b0 and pelvic obliquity was 27\u00b0 \u00b1 11\u00b0. Follow-up was 40 \u00b1 23 months. Rod breakage rate was compared to that of 299 patients not fixed to the pelvis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results.<\/jats:title>\n \n Iliac screws were used in 20 patients, iliac rods in 10, S-rods in 3, and sacral fixation in 6. Dual rods were used in 30 patients; single in 6. At follow-up, mean Cobb improved to 48\u00b0 \u00b1 20\u00b0 and pelvic obliquity improved to 11\u00b0 \u00b1 7\u00b0. Iliac screws achieved significantly better Cobb and pelvic obliquity correction than sacral fixation (47% vs. 29%,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.04, 66%\n vs.<\/jats:italic>\n 40%,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.001). Pelvic obliquity correction exceeded major curve correction (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). Total gain in T1\u2013S1 length was 8.6 \u00b1 4.3 cm; gain during lengthenings was 4.0 \u00b1 4.7 cm. Bilateral rods provided better correction of both pelvic obliquity (67%\n vs.<\/jats:italic>\n 44%,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.006) and major curve (47%\n vs.<\/jats:italic>\n 25%,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.02) than unilateral rods. Six patients have undergone final fusion at mean 3.3 \u00b1 1.8 years after initial surgery. Five patients developed deep infections. There were 6 rod breakages; this rate did not differ from constructs not anchored in the pelvis (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.36). There were 5 breakages of iliac screws and none of other anchors (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.035).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion.<\/jats:title>\n Growing rods can include pelvic fixation to correct pelvic obliquity or obtain adequate fixation. Dual iliac fixation provides the best correction. Both iliac screws and rods provide satisfactory distal fixation; iliac screws had a higher rate of breakage. Growing rods with pelvic fixation are effective in deformity correction and achieving growth.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/brs.0b013e3181ab240e","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,10]],"date-time":"2009-07-10T03:32:23Z","timestamp":1247196743000},"page":"1706-1710","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Pelvic Fixation of Growing Rods"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Paul D.","family":"Sponseller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin S.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George H.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard E.","family":"McCarthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John B.","family":"Emans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David L.","family":"Skaggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc A.","family":"Asher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muharrem","family":"Yazici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connie","family":"Poe-Kochert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pat","family":"Kostial","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Behrooz A.","family":"Akbarnia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-12-20260410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198405000-00006","article-title":"Harrington instrumentation without fusion plus external orthotic support for the treatment of difficult curvature problems in young children.","volume":"185","author":"Moe","year":"1984","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"R2-12-20260410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e3180333eea","article-title":"Growing rod techniques in early-onset scoliosis.","volume":"27","author":"Thompson","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"R3-12-20260410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31816c8b4e","article-title":"Dual growing rod technique followed for three to eleven years until final fusion: the effect of frequency of lengthening.","volume":"33","author":"Akbarnia","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R4-12-20260410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000048649.72919.6B","article-title":"Preserving ambulatory potential in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy who undergo spinal fusion using unit rod instrumentation.","volume":"28","author":"Tsirikos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R5-12-20260410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2145","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000180403.11757.6a","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of functioning after spinal surgery in patients with neuromuscular scoliosis.","volume":"30","author":"Larsson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R6-12-20260410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31816f63cf","article-title":"Surgical correction of scoliosis in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy using the unit rod instrumentation.","volume":"33","author":"Tsirikos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine"}],"container-title":["Spine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00007632-200907150-00012","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T14:15:16Z","timestamp":1785766516000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00007632-200907150-00012"}},"subtitle":["Comparison of Constructs"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,15]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/brs.0b013e3181ab240e","relation":{},"ISSN":["0362-2436"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0362-2436","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,15]]}}}