{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T02:30:24Z","timestamp":1790303424490,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,15]]},"abstract":"\n Study Design.<\/jats:title>\n Prospective, correlational, exploratory, clinical research.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective.<\/jats:title>\n To identify the factors determining a patient's recovery after conservative treatment of compression fractures of the thoracolumbar spine.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Summary of Background Data.<\/jats:title>\n The reported results of compression fractures are poor. These results are not influenced by the severity of compression, the fracture site, or the residual deformity. Otherwise, the factors that determine a patient's recovery are unknown.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods.<\/jats:title>\n \n In 48 conservatively treated patients the preinjury\n versus<\/jats:italic>\n the 12-month follow-up differences (\u0394) in back pain (visual analogue scale for pain), Oswestry disability index (ODI), and the Greenough and Fraser low back outcome scale were prospectively recorded. For these differences and for time lost from work and satisfaction, multiple linear regressions with combinations of 16 factors were performed.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results.<\/jats:title>\n \n At 1 year, patients with an income-insurance were 9% (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u200a=\u200a0.096) more disabled than those without. They reported a 15% less favorable global outcome and 27% less participation. Smokers were 13% (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u200a=\u200a0.010) more disabled and 11% (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u200a=\u200a0.044) less satisfied. With each increase of the AO-fracture type from A1 to A3 the disability was 8% worse. Patients with pre-existent chronic low back pain (CLBP) returned two points (on a visual analogue scale [VAS] pain total of 10) more closely (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u200a=\u200a0.041) to their preinjury pain level than those without but were 21% (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u200a=\u200a0.001) less satisfied. Our model offers an explanation for more than 25% of the variability of \u0394ODI and of the satisfaction. For sick leave, no significant predictors were found.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion.<\/jats:title>\n Smoking and insurance status are the strongest negative predictors for recovery. LBP patients returned more closely to their preinjury back pain level, but were less satisfied. The AO fracture type had a marked influence on disability, the sagittal deformity had not. The time lost from work did not depend on patient or injury-related factors.<\/jats:p>\n \n Level of Evidence:<\/jats:bold>\n N\/A\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/brs.0b013e3181cdb5fc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,25]],"date-time":"2010-08-25T03:23:19Z","timestamp":1282706599000},"page":"141-147","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Predictors of Recovery After Conservative Treatment of AO-Type A Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures Without Neurological Deficit"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Vorlat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Mariaziekenhuis, Overpelt, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geert","family":"Leirs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Mariaziekenhuis, Overpelt, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farhad","family":"Tajdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, AZ Sint-Lucas Brugge, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heinz","family":"Hulsmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussel, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"De Boeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, ZNA Middelheim Antwerpen, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Vaes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2881","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000247804.91869.1e","article-title":"Treatment of traumatic thoracolumbar spine fractures: a multicenter prospective randomized study of operative versus nonsurgical treatment","volume":"31","author":"Siebenga","year":"2006","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R2-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(02)00030-X","article-title":"Long-term results after posterior fixation of thoraco-lumbar burst fractures","volume":"33","author":"Andress","year":"2002","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R3-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200105010-00010","article-title":"Nonoperative treatment versus posterior fixation for thoracolumbar junction burst fractures without neurologic deficit","volume":"26","author":"Shen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R4-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-004-0710-5","article-title":"Factors influencing the quality of life after burst fractures of the thoracolumbar transition","volume":"124","author":"Briem","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"R5-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2154","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199910150-00016","article-title":"Functional outcome of low lumbar burst fractures. A multicenter review of operative and nonoperative treatment of L3\u2013L5","volume":"24","author":"Seybold","year":"1999","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R6-20240205","first-page":"CD005079","article-title":"Operative versus non-operative treatment for thoracolumbar burst fractures without neurological deficit","author":"Yi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"R7-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200303000-00006","article-title":"Late outcome of nonoperative management of thoracolumbar vertebral wedge fractures","volume":"17","author":"Folman","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"R8-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199611000-00006","article-title":"Functional outcome of thoracolumbar burst fractures without neurological deficit","volume":"10","author":"Kraemer","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"R9-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(95)00074-J","article-title":"The functional prognosis of thoracolumbar vertebrae fractures without neurological deficit: a long-term follow-up study of British Army personnel","volume":"26","author":"Singer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R10-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-002-0518-3","article-title":"Functional outcome in patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures treated with dorsal instrumentation and transpedicular cancellous bone grafting","volume":"12","author":"Leferink","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"R11-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-005-0887-5","article-title":"Functional outcome 5 years after non-operative treatment of type A spinal fractures","volume":"15","author":"Post","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"R12-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199608000-00005","article-title":"Burst fractures of the second through fifth lumbar vertebrae. Clinical and radiographic results","volume":"78","author":"Andreychik","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"(Suppl)","key":"R13-20240205","first-page":"83","article-title":"Conservative treatment of thoracic and lumbar vertebral fractures","volume":"9","author":"Aglietti","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ital J Orthop Traumatol"},{"key":"R14-20240205","first-page":"173","article-title":"Compression fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine from compensable injuries","author":"Day","year":"1977","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"R15-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-58824-2_4","article-title":"A comprehensive classification of thoracic, lumbar injuries","author":"Magerl","year":"1998","journal-title":"AO ASIF Principles in Spine Surgery"},{"key":"R16-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199009000-00022","article-title":"Sagittal index in management of thoracolumbar burst fractures","volume":"15","author":"Farcy","year":"1990","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R18-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3140","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200012150-00009","article-title":"Assessing global pain severity by self-report in clinical and health services research","volume":"25","author":"Von Korff","year":"2000","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R20-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199201000-00006","article-title":"Assessment of outcome in patients with low-back pain","volume":"17","author":"Greenough","year":"1992","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R21-20240205","first-page":"108","article-title":"The lumbar spine","author":"Thomas","year":"1993","journal-title":"Outcome Measures in Orthopaedics"},{"key":"R22-20240205","first-page":"147","article-title":"How to assess outcome of dorsolumbar disorders","volume":"88","author":"Vorlat","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"R23-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20048","article-title":"Normative values for the Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index: benchmarking disability in the general population","volume":"50","author":"Krishnan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R24-20240205","first-page":"237","article-title":"Multiple regressieanalyse in SPSS","author":"de Heus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toegepaste Data-analyse: Technieken voor niet-experimenteel onderzoek in de sociale wetenschappen"},{"key":"R25-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198901000-00009","article-title":"Surgical treatment of isthmic lumbosacral spondylolisthesis. Analysis of variables influencing results","volume":"14","author":"Hanley","year":"1989","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R26-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199605000-00011","article-title":"Repair of a pseudarthrosis of the lumbar spine. A functional outcome study","volume":"78","author":"Carpenter","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R27-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198909000-00006","article-title":"The effects of compensation on recovery from low-back injury","volume":"14","author":"Greenough","year":"1989","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R28-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199203000-00011","article-title":"The physical exertion factor in compensable work injuries. A hidden flaw in previous research","volume":"17","author":"Leavitt","year":"1992","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R29-20240205","first-page":"78","article-title":"Predicting factors of successful recovery from lumbar spine surgery among workers\u2019 compensation patients","volume":"101","author":"Hodges","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Osteopath Assoc"},{"key":"R30-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/75.4.267","article-title":"Biobehavioral factors affecting pain and disability in low back pain: mechanisms and assessment","volume":"75","author":"Feuerstein","year":"1995","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"R31-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200202010-00022","article-title":"Influence of smoking on the health status of spinal patients: the National Spine Network database","volume":"27","author":"Vogt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R32-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2588","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200010150-00008","article-title":"The effect of nicotine on gene expression during spine fusion","volume":"25","author":"Theiss","year":"2000","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R33-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1517\/03009734000000042","article-title":"Nutrition of the intervertebral disc: acute effects of cigarette smoking. An experimental animal study","volume":"93","author":"Holm","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ups J Med Sci"},{"key":"R34-20240205","first-page":"590","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and its orthopedic consequences","volume":"25","author":"Kwiatkowski","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ)"},{"key":"R35-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199707000-00025","article-title":"Smoking and the human vertebral column: a review of the impact of cigarette use on vertebral bone metabolism and spinal fusion","volume":"41","author":"Hadley","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"R36-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199507150-00001","article-title":"The effect of nicotine on spinal fusion","volume":"20","author":"Silcox","year":"1995","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"(Suppl)","key":"R37-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200262002-00001","article-title":"The epidemiology of smoking: health consequences and benefits of cessation","volume":"62","author":"Fagerstrom","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"R38-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200005010-00011","article-title":"Post-traumatic findings of the spine after earlier vertebral fracture in young patients: clinical and MRI study","volume":"25","author":"Kerttula","year":"2000","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R39-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.80B5.0800833","article-title":"Changes in the disc space after fractures of the thoracolumbar spine","volume":"80","author":"Oner","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"R40-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000260584.09371.99","article-title":"Psychological factors predict patient satisfaction with postmastectomy breast reconstruction","volume":"119","author":"Roth","year":"2007","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R41-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280600902646","article-title":"Lumbar spinal stenosis patients are satisfied with short-term results of surgery - younger age, symptom severity, disability and depression decrease satisfaction","volume":"29","author":"Sinikallio","year":"2007","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"R42-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000181698.26280.42","article-title":"Psychosexual function in women who have undergone reduction mammaplasty","volume":"116","author":"Cerovac","year":"2005","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R43-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2005.08.002","article-title":"HKF-R 10 - screening for predicting chronicity in acute low back pain (LBP): a prospective clinical trial","volume":"10","author":"Neubauer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"R44-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-1340-13-8","article-title":"Are chronic low back pain outcomes improved with co-management of concurrent depression?","volume":"13","author":"Middleton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chiropr Osteopat"}],"container-title":["Spine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00007632-201801150-00018","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T18:41:19Z","timestamp":1786041679000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00007632-201801150-00018"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,15]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/brs.0b013e3181cdb5fc","relation":{},"ISSN":["0362-2436","1528-1159"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0362-2436","type":"print"},{"value":"1528-1159","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,15]]}}}