{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T13:20:18Z","timestamp":1787750418990,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\n Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n Retrospective clinical study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n Investigating the fusion effect and side effect profile between low-dose E.BMP-2 and mammalian rhBMP-2.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Summary of Background Data:<\/jats:title>\n \n Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) is widely used in anterior and lateral lumbar spinal fusion surgery to stimulate fusion. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and radiologic outcomes of 2 commercially available preparations of rhBMP-2, Chinese hamster ovarian cell-derived rhBMP-2 (CHO-rhBMP-2) and\n Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n -derived rhBMP2 (E.BMP-2).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Two groups of patients who underwent minimally invasive lumbar spinal interbody fusion surgery (between L1 and S1) with E.BMP2 and CHO-derived rhBMP-2 from 2018 to 2024 were included. Preoperative and postoperative clinical outcome scores and radiologic parameters were compared. Interval radiographs were done to assess fusion and complication rates.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n A total of 75 patients and 154 levels were involved. There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between the 2 groups. The average dosage of rhBMP-2 was 0.50\u00a0mg per level in the E.BMP-2 group and 1.91\u00a0mg per level in the rhBMP-2 group. There was no significant difference in postoperative clinical outcome scores and segmental lordosis. Fusion rates on dynamic radiographs were 100% for both groups. Fusion rate on CT scan was 86.4% (n=19) in the E.BMP-2 group, whereas it was 78.3% (n=18) in the rhBMP-2 group. One patient from each group underwent revision surgery for symptomatic cage subsidence.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n This study demonstrates that low-dose E.BMP-2 use in lumbar spinal fusion surgery is not inferior to a traditionally available rhBMP-2. Comparable fusion rate with lower dose of bone graft further highlights its efficacy. Low-dose E.BMP-2 is thus a safe alternative osteo-inductive agent that can facilitate spinal fusion.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/bsd.0000000000002115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T11:00:10Z","timestamp":1782298810000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Less Is More! An Analysis of Postoperative Outcomes Comparing Low-Dose E. 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