{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T16:23:37Z","timestamp":1787675017411,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and laminoplasty in patients with cervical myelopathy complicated by spinal cord-canal mismatch (SCCM).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary of Background Data:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SCCM, defined by a high spinal cord occupation ratio (SCOR), represents a congenital or developmental stenosis that may complicate surgical decision-making. Although laminoplasty provides indirect posterior decompression, ACDF offers direct ventral decompression and correction of local alignment. Comparative evidence in patients with SCCM-related myelopathy remains limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective review was conducted of 323 patients who underwent ACDF and 244 who underwent laminoplasty between 2014 and 2020. Patients with SCOR \u22650.7 on magnetic resonance imaging and a minimum 2-year follow-up were included. Clinical outcomes included the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, recovery rate, and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for neck and arm pain. Radiographic parameters (C2\u2013C7 sagittal vertical axis, cervical lordosis) and incidence of adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty-nine ACDF and 22 laminoplasty patients met the inclusion criteria. Baseline demographics were comparable, except for a higher prevalence of hypertension and more operated levels in the laminoplasty group. Both procedures significantly improved JOA scores with no difference in recovery rate (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.901). Neck and arm pain improved significantly after ACDF but not after laminoplasty, although between-group differences were not significant. Radiographic parameters were similar at follow-up. Symptomatic ASD occurred in 20.5% of patients with ACDF and in none after laminoplasty (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.079). Neither SCOR nor surgical approach independently predicted neurological recovery.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ACDF and laminoplasty achieved comparable neurological recovery in SCCM-related myelopathy. Laminoplasty may reduce ASD risk, whereas ACDF yields comparable outcomes when decompression is sufficient. SCCM alone should not contraindicate anterior surgery; approach selection should consider alignment, pathology, and symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/bsd.0000000000002139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T16:00:45Z","timestamp":1787673645000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Achieves Outcomes Comparable to Laminoplasty in Patients With Spinal Cord-Canal Mismatch"],"prefix":"10.1097","author":[{"given":"Dong-Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sehan","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myeong G.","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang J.","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae H.","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.31616\/asj.2023.0413","article-title":"An algorithmic roadmap for the surgical management of degenerative cervical myelopathy: a narrative review","volume":"18","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asian Spine J"},{"key":"R2-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000005111","article-title":"Does spinal cord-canal mismatch adversely affect the clinical outcomes of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for the treatment of cervical myelopathy?","volume":"49","author":"Park","year":"2024","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R3-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.31616\/asj.2023.0276","article-title":"A comparison of short-term outcomes after surgical treatment of multilevel degenerative cervical myelopathy in the geriatric patient population: an analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database 2010-2020","volume":"18","author":"Choi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asian Spine J"},{"key":"R4-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.5152\/j.aott.2023.21083","article-title":"K. An unusual case of pediatric cervical myelopathy due to congenital spinal canal stenosis","volume":"57","author":"Demirci","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc"},{"key":"R5-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.08.018","article-title":"Cervical cord-canal mismatch: a new method for identifying predisposition to spinal cord injury","volume":"108","author":"Nouri","year":"2017","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"R6-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1979.51.3.0362","article-title":"Cervical myelopathy caused by developmental stenosis of the spinal canal","volume":"51","author":"Epstein","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"R7-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2012.10.039","article-title":"The Torg-Pavlov ratio for the prediction of acute spinal cord injury after a minor trauma to the cervical spine","volume":"13","author":"Aebli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"R8-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-015-3975-1","article-title":"Cervical canal stenosis and adjacent segment degeneration after anterior cervical arthrodesis","volume":"24","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"R9-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-015-0728-6","article-title":"Relationship between developmental canal stenosis and surgical results of anterior decompression and fusion in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"R10-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyx521","article-title":"Congenital cervical spine stenosis in a multicenter global cohort of patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy: an ambispective report based on a magnetic resonance imaging diagnostic criterion","volume":"83","author":"Nouri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"R11-20260825","first-page":"558","article-title":"Anterior vs posterior approaches in the management of multilevel degenerative cervical myelopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"26","author":"Kouli","year":"2026","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"R12-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-023-04510-0","article-title":"Comparison of anterior cervical diskectomy with fusion (ACDF) and laminoplasty treating multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy with developmental canal stenosis: a retrospective study","volume":"19","author":"Dai","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"R13-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.4055\/cios.2009.1.1.6","article-title":"Reevaluation of the Pavlov ratio in patients with cervical myelopathy","volume":"1","author":"Suk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Surg"},{"key":"R14-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002271","article-title":"Does additional uncinate resection increase pseudarthrosis following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion?","volume":"43","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R15-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.3.SPINE181416","article-title":"Feasibility of local bone dust as a graft material in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion","volume":"31","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"R16-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1938","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211062496","article-title":"Relationship between C2 semispinalis cervicis preservation and C2 spinous process morphology during cervical laminoplasty involving C3","volume":"13","author":"Seok","year":"2023","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"key":"R17-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1884","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001852","article-title":"Can C3 laminectomy reduce interlaminar bony fusion and preserve the range of motion after cervical laminoplasty?","volume":"41","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R18-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E833","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001974","article-title":"Which technique is better option for C3 segment in multilevel open-door laminoplasty of the cervical spine?: laminectomy versus laminoplasty","volume":"42","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R19-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199904000-00009","article-title":"Radiculopathy and myelopathy at segments adjacent to the site of a previous anterior cervical arthrodesis","volume":"81","author":"Hilibrand","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R20-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1251","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20130920-15","article-title":"Congenital stenosis and adjacent segment disease in the cervical spine","volume":"36","author":"Eubanks","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"R21-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.3171\/2022.5.SPINE22168","article-title":"Residual anterior cord compression after laminoplasty for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: evaluation of risk factors according to the most severely stenotic vertebral segment","volume":"37","author":"Shimizu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"R22-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0473-3-17","article-title":"Purposeful selection of variables in logistic regression","volume":"3","author":"Bursac","year":"2008","journal-title":"Source Code Biol Med"},{"key":"R23-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.10.SPINE16317","article-title":"Is cervical disc arthroplasty good for congenital cervical stenosis?","volume":"26","author":"Chang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"R24-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199907150-00006","article-title":"Developmental and dynamic canal stenosis as radiologic factors affecting surgical results of anterior cervical fusion for myelopathy","volume":"24","author":"Shoda","year":"1999","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R25-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.05.252","article-title":"Surgical outcomes in patients with congenital cervical spinal stenosis","volume":"141","author":"Atli","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"R26-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.31616\/asj.2024.0465","article-title":"Cervical spondylotic myelopathy and radiculopathy: a stepwise approach and comparative analysis of surgical outcomes: a narrative review of recent literature","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"Asian Spine J"},{"key":"R27-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.1938288.144","article-title":"Cervical spine deformity correction techniques","volume":"16","author":"Dru","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"key":"R28-20260825","first-page":"e8826","article-title":"Kyphosis correction in patients undergoing a four-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion","volume":"12","author":"Ebot","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R29-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2550184.092","article-title":"The role of K-line and canal-occupying ratio in surgical outcomes for multilevel cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament: a retrospective multicenter study","volume":"22","author":"Shin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"key":"R30-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000001444","article-title":"Is severe neck pain a contraindication to performing laminoplasty in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy?","volume":"36","author":"Pinter","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg"},{"key":"R31-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.10.SPINE14346","article-title":"The diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging measurements for assessing cervical spinal canal stenosis","volume":"22","author":"Ruegg","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"R32-20260825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.25259\/JCIS_67_2022","article-title":"Variation of Torg-Pavlov ratio with age, gender, vertebral level, dural sac area, and ethnicity in lumbar magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"12","author":"Qudsieh","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Imaging Sci"}],"container-title":["Clinical Spine Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/BSD.0000000000002139","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T16:00:50Z","timestamp":1787673650000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/BSD.0000000000002139"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"references-count":32,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/bsd.0000000000002139","relation":{},"ISSN":["2380-0186","2380-0194"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2380-0186","type":"print"},{"value":"2380-0194","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-11-11","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-23","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}