{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T06:48:56Z","timestamp":1787813336211,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\n Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n The feasibility and hemodynamic effects of isoflurane sedation in cardiogenic shock in the presence of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment are currently unknown.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design:<\/jats:title>\n Retrospective single-center study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Setting:<\/jats:title>\n Cardiac ICU of Munich university hospital.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Patients\/Subjects:<\/jats:title>\n Cardiogenic shock patients with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment under sedation with volatile isoflurane between November 2018 and October 2019 have been enrolled in this study and were matched by propensity score in a 1:1 ratio with IV sedated patients treated between January 2013 and November 2018 from the cardiogenic shock registry of the university hospital of Munich.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Measurements and Main Results:<\/jats:title>\n Isoflurane sedation was used in 32 patients with cardiogenic shock and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment. The mean age of conventionally sedated patients was 58.4 \u00b1 13.8 years and 56.3 \u00b1 11.5 years for patients with isoflurane sedation (p<\/jats:italic> = 0.51). Administration of isoflurane was associated with lower IV sedative drug use during venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment (86% vs 32%; p<\/jats:italic> = 0.01). Mean systolic arterial pressure was similar (94.3 \u00b1 12.6 vs 92.9 \u00b1 10.5 mm Hg; p<\/jats:italic> = 0.65), but mean heart rate was significantly higher in the conventional sedation group, when compared with the isoflurane group (85.2 \u00b1 20.5 vs 74.7 \u00b1 15.0 beats\/min; p<\/jats:italic> = 0.02). Catecholamine doses, venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation blood and gas flow, ventilation time (304 \u00b1 143 vs 398 \u00b1 272 hr; p<\/jats:italic> = 0.16), bleeding complications bleeding academic research consortium 3a or higher (59.3% vs 65.3%; p<\/jats:italic> = 0.76), and 30-day mortality (59.2% vs 63.4%, p<\/jats:italic> = 0.80) were similar in both groups. The overall sedation costs per patient were significantly lower in the conventional group, when compared with the isoflurane group (537 \u00b1 624 vs 1280 \u00b1 837 \u20ac; p<\/jats:italic> < 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n Volatile sedation with isoflurane is feasible\u2014albeit at higher costs\u2014in patients with cardiogenic shock and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment and was not associated with higher catecholamine dosage or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation flow rate compared with IV sedation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/cce.0000000000000086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,11]],"date-time":"2020-03-11T00:47:53Z","timestamp":1583887673000},"page":"e0086","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Isoflurane Sedation in Patients Undergoing Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Treatment for Cardiogenic Shock\u2014An Observational Propensity-Matched Study"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Clemens","family":"Scherer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danny","family":"Kupka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas J","family":"Stocker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Joskowiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"Scheuplein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen Maria","family":"Sch\u00f6negger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Born","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Stremmel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enzo","family":"L\u00fcsebrink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantin","family":"Stark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"Orban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Petzold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Peterss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Hausleiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Hagl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Massberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Orban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit and Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany."},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, 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