{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T14:59:50Z","timestamp":1787497190546,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Determine the lowest level of functional recovery after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) that is perceived to be acceptable by persons with TBI and TBI caregivers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional crowdsourcing online survey disseminated May\u2013July 2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>United States.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Subjects:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Persons with a history of TBI requiring assistance with basic daily activities and TBI caregivers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>None.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Result:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We developed an expanded version of the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended to determine the acceptability of 11 TBI outcome milestones and identify the minimally acceptable outcome (MAO). The survey was completed by 252 persons with TBI (mean [\n                      <jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc>\n                      ] 39.8 [13.5] yr old; 67% female; 75% White; 11.9 [12.0] yr post-TBI) and 256 TBI caregivers (41.0 [12.1] yr old; 57% female; 65% White). Among the outcomes selected most frequently as the MAO by persons with TBI (\u201crecovery of basic yes\/no communication\u201d and \u201cconscious, but does not communicate\u201d) and TBI caregivers (\u201crecovery of basic yes\/no communication\u201d and \u201calive, but permanently unconscious\u201d), recovery of yes\/no communication was rated as acceptable by more respondents (persons with TBI: 36% vs. 12%;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Z<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u20137.1,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001; TBI caregivers: 40% vs. 14%;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Z<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u20137.1,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001). Recovery of communication was therefore identified as the MAO by both cohorts. This outcome was rated as acceptable or somewhat acceptable by 65% of persons with TBI and 72% of caregivers. All outcomes ranging from \u201calive, but permanently unconscious\u201d to \u201cpartially independent in the home\u201d were selected as the MAO significantly more frequently than \u201ccompletely independent in the home,\u201d a common \u201cfavorable\u201d recovery cutoff.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Persons with TBI and TBI caregivers identified recovery of communication as the MAO. Persons with lived experience appear more accepting of a greater burden of disability than TBI investigators and providers. Recognizing this disparity in perspectives may influence clinical decision-making regarding goals of care and suggests the need for a more person-centered approach to TBI outcome assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/ccm.0000000000007017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T15:00:10Z","timestamp":1769180410000},"page":"507-518","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Perspectives of Persons With Lived Experience on Acceptable Outcome After Severe Acute Traumatic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4858-2903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yelena G.","family":"Bodien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA."},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA."},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA."},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."},{"name":"Department of Neurologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydia","family":"Borsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellyn","family":"Pier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Kanny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lillian","family":"Droscha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J. W.","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA."},{"name":"Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Filoramo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA."},{"name":"Boston University, Boston, MA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Burnetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA."},{"name":"Institute of Health Professions, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"McColgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA."},{"name":"Institute of Health Professions, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhumi","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA."},{"name":"Institute of Health Professions, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mallory","family":"Spring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA."},{"name":"Institute of Health Professions, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Paul","family":"Vazquez Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA."},{"name":"Institute of Health Professions, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Wolfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Quilico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiffany","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School Center for Bioethics, Boston, MA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda R.","family":"Merner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School Center for Bioethics, Boston, MA."},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"L\u00e1zaro-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School Center for Bioethics, Boston, MA."},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph T.","family":"Giacino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding 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