{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T09:12:15Z","timestamp":1788685935690,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Pa\n                      <jats:sc>o<\/jats:sc>\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/F\n                      <jats:sc>io<\/jats:sc>\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      (PF) ratio is widely used as an assessment of respiratory failure in guiding ventilation strategies and prognostication in critically ill patients. However, given that it mandates invasive arterial access, the Sp\n                      <jats:sc>o<\/jats:sc>\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/F\n                      <jats:sc>io<\/jats:sc>\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      (SF) ratio has been suggested as a noninvasive and readily accessible alternative. What are the best ways to convert SF and PF ratios in critically ill patients, in terms of their diagnostic\/prognostic accuracy and clinical utility?\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DATA SOURCES:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We comprehensively searched databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane library) to identify relevant studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>STUDY SELECTION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Any observational studies that compared the SF to PF ratio in critically ill patients. We assessed individual study risk of bias (ROB) using the revised QUADAS II tool.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DATA EXTRACTION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 45 observational studies, ranging from 61 to 141,000 measurements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DATA SYNTHESIS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      SF to PF imputation was less accurate when the Sp\n                      <jats:sc>o<\/jats:sc>\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      was equal to or greater than 97%. Otherwise, all studies were able to establish strong correlational relationships between SF and PF ratios, but there was no clear best equation. Based on ease of use, size, generalizability and methodology, we were able to prioritize four equations (one linear, one logarithmic linear, and two nonlinear). All four equations showed strong correlation between SF and PF ratios, with the linear equation being easiest to apply. The SF ratio also correlated well with clinical outcomes when compared with the PF ratio, both as an individual value and as part of a comprehensive score, with more discriminating performance in some cases.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SF and PF ratios demonstrate good correlation, and may have similar prognostic value. Although there is no clear optimal method to convert SF to PF ratios, linear equations show acceptable correlation and are most easily applied at the bedside.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/ccm.0000000000007018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T15:00:20Z","timestamp":1767711620000},"page":"950-959","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Approaches to Converting Spo 2\/Fio 2 Ratio to Pao 2\/Fio 2 Ratio for Assessment of Respiratory Failure in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Dipayan","family":"Chaudhuri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Critical Care, St. Joseph\u2019s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julieta","family":"Lazarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamya","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyler","family":"Pitre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pirkka T.","family":"Pekkarinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Intensive Care, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cornelius","family":"Sendagire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda."},{"name":"D\u2019Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greg S.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA."},{"name":"Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Heinrech-Heine-University Dusseldorf, Dusselsorf, Germany."},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Institute Dusseldorf, Heinrech-Heine-University Dusseldorf, Dusselsorf, 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