{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T17:10:48Z","timestamp":1788887448767,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781827200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVES:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the association between emergency department (ED)-to-ICU transfer time and hospital mortality across common ICU diagnoses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Secondary analysis of a Dutch retrospective cohort (2009\u20132020). Twelve hospitals (four academic and eight nonacademic teaching [NACT]) provided ED arrival and ICU admission times. Adult patients directly admitted from the ED to the ICU were included. Seven diagnostic groups (&gt; 1500 patients each) were analyzed: out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), nonoperative trauma, overdose, sepsis, pneumonia, respiratory failure (excluding pneumonia), and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Logistic regression assessed associations between ED-to-ICU time quintiles and hospital mortality, adjusting for hospital of admission, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III score. Analyses were stratified by hospital type.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>INTERVENTIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>None.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 18,798 patients, median ED-to-ICU time was 1.9 hours (interquartile range, 1.2\u20133.1\u2009hr). In OHCA (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 3,818), associations differed by hospital type. In academic hospitals, prolonged ED-to-ICU time was associated with higher mortality (odds ratio [OR], 1.48; 95% CI, 1.08\u20132.02 at 1.1\u20131.6\u2009hr; OR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.80\u20134.78 at &gt; 3.4\u2009hr; Wald \u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). In NACT hospitals, prolonged ED-to-ICU time was negatively associated with mortality, with ORs less than 1.0 across quintiles (Wald \u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). In nonoperative trauma, a positive association between ED-to-ICU time and hospital mortality was observed in the overall cohort (OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.12\u20133.21 at &gt; 3.4\u2009hr; Wald \u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.05) but was not reproduced after stratification for hospital. No associations were observed in overdose, sepsis, pneumonia, respiratory failure, or ICH.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The association between ED-to-ICU time and hospital mortality varied across diagnostic groups and hospital types. In OHCA, opposing associations were observed in academic and NACT hospitals. In nonoperative trauma, a positive association was observed only in the overall cohort. Prospective studies in homogeneous, risk-defined subgroups with detailed process-of-care data are needed to identify modifiable delays and define transfer-time thresholds.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/ccm.0000000000007207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T12:01:21Z","timestamp":1781784081000},"page":"2201-2211","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association Between Emergency Department-to-ICU Transfer Time and Hospital Mortality Across ICU Admission Diagnoses: A Post Hoc Subgroup Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5275-4267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael C.","family":"van Herwerden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carline N. L.","family":"Groenland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabian","family":"Termorshuizen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands."},{"name":"National Intensive Care Evaluation (NICE) Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wim J. R.","family":"Rietdijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fredrike","family":"Blokzijl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk P.","family":"Boer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Dormans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Zuyderland, Sittard-Geleen, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jelle L.","family":"Epker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lida","family":"Feyz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diederik A. M. P. J.","family":"Gommers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels","family":"Gritters van den Oever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Treant, Emmen, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pim","family":"van der Heiden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evert","family":"de Jonge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gideon H. P.","family":"Latten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph V.","family":"Pruijsten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ikazia Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6zcan","family":"Sir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter E.","family":"Spronk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Gelre Hospital, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wytze J.","family":"Vermeijden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"van Vliet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolette F.","family":"de Keizer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands."},{"name":"National Intensive Care Evaluation (NICE) Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corstiaan A.","family":"den Uil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, The 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