{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T21:10:40Z","timestamp":1791839440809,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,1]],"date-time":"2009-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1259625600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American Academy of Child &amp; Adolescent Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/chi.0b013e3181bfa8ee","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,14]],"date-time":"2009-11-14T08:18:26Z","timestamp":1258186706000},"page":"1173-1181","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":279,"title":["Intrauterine Cannabis Exposure Affects Fetal Growth Trajectories: The Generation R Study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Hanan","family":"El Marroun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henning","family":"Tiemeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric A.P.","family":"Steegers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent W.V.","family":"Jaddoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Hofman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank C.","family":"Verhulst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wim","family":"van den Brink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anja C.","family":"Huizink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(02)02588-7","article-title":"Pregnancy-related substance use in the United States during 1996\u20131998","volume":"101","author":"Ebrahim","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1080\/13556210500123217","article-title":"Strong increase in total delta-THC in cannabis preparations sold in Dutch coffee shops","volume":"10","author":"Pijlman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Addict Biol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib3","unstructured":"United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. The emergence of \u201cnew cannabis\u201d and the reassessment of health risks. World Drug Report 2006. 2006;Chapter 2.3 172-185."},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)29124-8","article-title":"Prenatal toxicity, maternal distribution and placental transfer of tetrahydrocannabinol","volume":"180","author":"Harbison","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00426846","article-title":"Short and long-term effects of pre-natal cannabis inhalation upon rat offspring","volume":"50","author":"Fried","year":"1976","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0146-0005(96)80082-6","article-title":"Placental transfer of selected substances of abuse","volume":"20","author":"Little","year":"1996","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2008.01670.x","article-title":"Multiple roles for the endocannabinoid system during the earliest stages of life: pre- and postnatal development","volume":"20","author":"Fride","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5168","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0388","article-title":"Characterization of the endocannabinoid system in early human pregnancy","volume":"89","author":"Helliwell","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2006.01661.x","article-title":"Small body size at birth and behavioural symptoms of ADHD in children aged five to six years","volume":"47","author":"Lahti","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.20153","article-title":"Fetal programming of temperamental negative affectivity among children born healthy at term","volume":"48","author":"Pesonen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dev Psychobiol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(01)01085-X","article-title":"A prospective twin study of birth weight discordance and child problem behavior","volume":"50","author":"van Os","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj108","article-title":"Fetal growth and childhood behavioral problems: results from the ALSPAC cohort","volume":"163","author":"Wiles","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.20351","article-title":"Fetal size in mid- and late pregnancy is related to infant alertness: the generation R study","volume":"51","author":"Henrichs","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dev Psychobiol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib14","first-page":"593","article-title":"Smoking during pregnancy: a review of effects on growth and development of offspring","volume":"52","author":"Abel","year":"1980","journal-title":"Hum Biol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.1987.6.1.13","article-title":"Sonographic detection of smoking-related decreased fetal growth","volume":"6","author":"Jeanty","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2006.12.004","article-title":"The emerging functions of endocannabinoid signaling during CNS development","volume":"28","author":"Harkany","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib17","article-title":"Presence of functional cannabinoid receptors in human endocrine pancreas","author":"Bermudez-Silva","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2007.08.009","article-title":"Cannabinoids inhibit insulin secretion and cytosolic Ca(2+) oscillation in islet beta-cells via CB1 receptors","volume":"145","author":"Nakata","year":"2008","journal-title":"Regul Pept"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2005.10.005","article-title":"Cannabinoid receptors regulate Ca(2+) signals and insulin secretion in pancreatic beta-cell","volume":"39","author":"Juan-Pico","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1210367","article-title":"Production of insulin-like growth factor-II by human fetal pancreas in culture","volume":"121","author":"Bryson","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.5.1741S","article-title":"Regulation of fetal growth by the somatotrophic axis","volume":"133","author":"Gluckman","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib22","first-page":"S21","article-title":"Biological mechanisms of environmentally induced causes of IUGR","volume":"52","author":"Prada","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-5108(18)30535-9","article-title":"Prenatal marijuana use: epidemiology, methodologic issues, and infant outcome","volume":"18","author":"Day","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00005","article-title":"Conceptual issues in behavioral teratology and their application in determining long-term sequelae of prenatal marihuana exposure","volume":"43","author":"Fried","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0892-0362(87)90062-6","article-title":"Neonatal behavioural correlates of prenatal exposure to marihuana, cigarettes and alcohol in a low risk population","volume":"9","author":"Fried","year":"1987","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol Teratol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/0892-0362(95)00006-D","article-title":"Prenatal alcohol, marijuana, and tobacco use: infant mental and motor development","volume":"17","author":"Richardson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol Teratol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/0892-0362(94)90114-7","article-title":"Effect of prenatal marijuana exposure on the cognitive development of offspring at age three","volume":"16","author":"Day","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol Teratol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-0362(98)00042-7","article-title":"Prenatal substance exposure: effects on attention and impulsivity of 6-year-olds","volume":"21","author":"Leech","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol Teratol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-0362(00)00066-0","article-title":"Effects of prenatal marijuana exposure on child behavior problems at age 10","volume":"22","author":"Goldschmidt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol Teratol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198903233201203","article-title":"Effects of maternal marijuana and cocaine use on fetal growth","volume":"320","author":"Zuckerman","year":"1989","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/0892-0362(91)90079-C","article-title":"Prenatal marijuana use and neonatal outcome","volume":"13","author":"Day","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol Teratol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1997.tb02875.x","article-title":"Maternal cannabis use and birth weight: a meta-analysis","volume":"92","author":"English","year":"1997","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2002.01020.x","article-title":"Maternal use of cannabis and pregnancy outcome","volume":"109","author":"Fergusson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bjog"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2004.11.002","article-title":"Marijuana impairs growth in mid-gestation fetuses","volume":"27","author":"Hurd","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol Teratol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1007\/s004310051126","article-title":"Substance misuse in early pregnancy and relationship to fetal outcome","volume":"158","author":"Sherwood","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114488","article-title":"Effect of marijuana use in pregnancy on fetal growth","volume":"124","author":"Hatch","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.1983.tb00151.x","article-title":"Maternal alcohol, tobacco and cannabis consumption and the outcome of pregnancy","volume":"23","author":"Gibson","year":"1983","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-006-9022-0","article-title":"The Generation R Study: design and cohort profile","volume":"21","author":"Jaddoe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-007-9209-z","article-title":"The Generation R Study Biobank: a resource for epidemiological studies in children and their parents","volume":"22","author":"Jaddoe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.5225","article-title":"New charts for ultrasound dating of pregnancy and assessment of fetal growth: longitudinal data from a population-based cohort study","volume":"31","author":"Verburg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.150.2.6691115","article-title":"Sonographic estimation of fetal weight. The value of femur length in addition to head and abdomen measurements","volume":"150","author":"Hadlock","year":"1984","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1972","article-title":"Intra- and interobserver reproducibility study of early fetal growth parameters","volume":"28","author":"Verburg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prenat Diagn"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib43","author":"Statistics Netherlands"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib44","author":"Statistics Netherlands"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700048017","article-title":"The Brief Symptom Inventory: an introductory report","volume":"13","author":"Derogatis","year":"1983","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib46","series-title":"Hierarchical Linear Models: Applications and Data Analysis Methods. Advanced Quantitative Techniques in the Social Sciences; 1","author":"Raudenbush","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/28.5.964","article-title":"The use of fractional polynomials to model continuous risk variables in epidemiology","volume":"28","author":"Royston","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib48","first-page":"663","article-title":"Determinants of low birth weight: methodological assessment and meta-analysis","volume":"65","author":"Kramer","year":"1987","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2007.00191.x","article-title":"Assessing intrauterine influences on offspring health outcomes: can epidemiological studies yield robust findings?","volume":"102","author":"Smith","year":"2008","journal-title":"Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm014","article-title":"Maternal smoking and fetal growth characteristics in different periods of pregnancy: the Generation R Study","volume":"165","author":"Jaddoe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2007.05393.x","article-title":"Effects of maternal smoking in pregnancy on prenatal brain development. The Generation R Study","volume":"25","author":"Roza","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(87)80019-4","article-title":"Fetal cerebellar growth unaffected by intrauterine growth retardation: a new parameter for prenatal diagnosis","volume":"157","author":"Reece","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(99)00295-7","article-title":"Role of endocannabinoids in brain development","volume":"65","author":"Fernandez-Ruiz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181bfa8ee_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(99)01491-5","article-title":"The endogenous cannabinoid system and brain development","volume":"23","author":"Fernandez-Ruiz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Academy of Child &amp; Adolescent Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890856709660731?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890856709660731?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T06:46:42Z","timestamp":1739429202000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0890856709660731"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0890856709660731"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/chi.0b013e3181bfa8ee","relation":{},"ISSN":["0890-8567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0890-8567","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}}}