{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T13:24:00Z","timestamp":1791120240336,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/cji.0b013e3181c01fcb","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,18]],"date-time":"2010-03-18T05:34:39Z","timestamp":1268890479000},"page":"225-235","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":167,"title":["Enhanced Tumor Eradication by Combining CTLA-4 or PD-1 Blockade With CpG Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Sara M.","family":"Mangsbo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda C.","family":"Sandin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Anger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan J.","family":"Korman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelica","family":"Loskog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas H.","family":"T\u00f6tterman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2006.10.017","article-title":"Intravesical instillation of bacille Calmette-Guerin for superficial bladder cancer: cost-effectiveness analysis","volume":"69","author":"Uchida","year":"2007","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"R2-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1097\/CJI.0b013e3181587d29","article-title":"CpG Therapy is Superior to BCG in an Orthotopic Bladder Cancer Model and Generates CD4+ T-cell Immunity","volume":"31","author":"Mangsbo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunother"},{"key":"R3-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2006.08.078","article-title":"Human bladder carcinoma is dominated by T-regulatory cells and Th1 inhibitory cytokines","volume":"177","author":"Loskog","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R4-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(01)00097-8","article-title":"CTLA-4 regulates induction of anergy in vivo","volume":"14","author":"Greenwald","year":"2001","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"R5-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2533","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.183.6.2533","article-title":"CTLA-4 engagement inhibits IL-2 accumulation and cell cycle progression upon activation of resting T cells","volume":"183","author":"Krummel","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"R6-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI27745","article-title":"CTLA4 blockade and GM-CSF combination immunotherapy alters the intratumor balance of effector and regulatory T cells","volume":"116","author":"Quezada","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"R7-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2158","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-2070","article-title":"Systemic CTLA-4 blockade ameliorates glioma-induced changes to the CD4+ T cell compartment without affecting regulatory T-cell function","volume":"13","author":"Fecci","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"R8-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-11-060087","article-title":"Interaction between B7-H1 and PD-1 determines initiation and reversal of T-cell anergy","volume":"110","author":"Tsushima","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"R9-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2007.04.012","article-title":"PD-1 and its ligands in T-cell immunity","volume":"19","author":"Keir","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"R10-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20022125","article-title":"The programmed death-1 (PD-1) pathway regulates autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice","volume":"198","author":"Ansari","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"R11-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050019","article-title":"A critical role for the programmed death ligand 1 in fetomaternal tolerance","volume":"202","author":"Guleria","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"R12-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2983","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200737583","article-title":"Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 are required for allograft tolerance","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"R13-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3381","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-4303","article-title":"Tumor B7-H1 is associated with poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma patients with long-term follow-up","volume":"66","author":"Thompson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"R14-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1593\/neo.05733","article-title":"The B7-H1 (PD-L1) T lymphocyte-inhibitory molecule is expressed in breast cancer patients with infiltrating ductal carcinoma: correlation with important high-risk prognostic factors","volume":"8","author":"Ghebeh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"R15-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2947","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-1469","article-title":"Clinical significance of programmed death-1 ligand-1 and programmed death-1 ligand-2 expression in human esophageal cancer","volume":"11","author":"Ohigashi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"R16-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acthis.2006.01.003","article-title":"Immunohistochemical localization of programmed death-1 ligand-1 (PD-L1) in gastric carcinoma and its clinical significance","volume":"108","author":"Wu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Histochem"},{"key":"R17-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-006-0266-z","article-title":"Overexpression of B7-H1 (PD-L1) significantly associates with tumor grade and postoperative prognosis in human urothelial cancers","volume":"56","author":"Nakanishi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Immunother"},{"key":"R18-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22588","article-title":"PD-L1 (B7-H1) expression by urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and BCG-induced granulomata: associations with localized stage progression","volume":"109","author":"Inman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"R19-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80123-5","article-title":"CTLA-4 blockade reverses CD8+ T cell tolerance to tumor by a CD4+ T cell- and IL-2-dependent mechanism","volume":"11","author":"Shrikant","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"R20-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11476","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.20.11476","article-title":"In vivo blockade of CTLA-4 enhances the priming of responsive T cells but fails to prevent the induction of tumor antigen-specific tolerance","volume":"96","author":"Sotomayor","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R21-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8099","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.15.8099","article-title":"Manipulation of T cell costimulatory and inhibitory signals for immunotherapy of prostate cancer","volume":"94","author":"Kwon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U SA"},{"key":"R22-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.1126\/science.271.5256.1734","article-title":"Enhancement of antitumor immunity by CTLA-4 blockade","volume":"271","author":"Leach","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R23-1-20210208","first-page":"4036","article-title":"Enhanced induction of antitumor T-cell responses by cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated molecule-4 blockade: the effect is manifested only at the restricted tumor-bearing stages","volume":"57","author":"Yang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"R24-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2283","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.04.5716","article-title":"Enterocolitis in patients with cancer after antibody blockade of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4","volume":"24","author":"Beck","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"R25-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12293","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.192461099","article-title":"Involvement of PD-L1 on tumor cells in the escape from host immune system and tumor immunotherapy by PD-L1 blockade","volume":"99","author":"Iwai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R26-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3546","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-07-170274","article-title":"T cell modulation combined with intratumoral CpG cures lymphoma in a mouse model without the need for chemotherapy","volume":"113","author":"Houot","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"R27-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1097\/00002371-200409000-00001","article-title":"Escape from immune surveillance does not result in tolerance to tumor-associated antigens","volume":"27","author":"Melchionda","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunother"},{"key":"R28-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-08-1825","article-title":"Anti-programmed death-1 synergizes with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting tumor cell immunotherapy providing therapeutic benefit to mice with established tumors","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"R29-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1097\/00002371-200501000-00003","article-title":"CpG oligonucleotide therapy cures subcutaneous and orthotopic tumors and evokes protective immunity in murine bladder cancer","volume":"28","author":"Ninalga","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunother"},{"key":"R30-1-20210208","first-page":"1383","article-title":"Interleukin 10 production by human melanoma","volume":"2","author":"Sato","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"R31-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-008-0591-5","article-title":"Regulation of arginase I activity and expression by both PD-1 and CTLA-4 on the myeloid-derived suppressor cells","volume":"58","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Immunother"},{"key":"R32-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2008.07.030","article-title":"B7-H1 on myeloid-derived suppressor cells in immune suppression by a mouse model of ovarian cancer","volume":"129","author":"Liu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"R33-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6043","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.06.205","article-title":"Autoimmunity correlates with tumor regression in patients with metastatic melanoma treated with anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4","volume":"23","author":"Attia","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"R34-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1097\/CJI.0b013e318156e47e","article-title":"Ipilimumab (anti-CTLA4 antibody) causes regression of metastatic renal cell cancer associated with enteritis and hypophysitis","volume":"30","author":"Yang","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunother"},{"key":"R35-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagrm.2008.08.003","article-title":"Interferon-sensitive response element (ISRE) is mainly responsible for IFN-alpha-induced upregulation of programmed death-1 (PD-1) in macrophages","volume":"1779","author":"Cho","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"R36-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3127","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200838184","article-title":"Excessive CpG 1668 stimulation triggers IL-10 production by cDC that inhibits IFN-alpha responses by pDC","volume":"38","author":"Waibler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"R37-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4878","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.9.4878","article-title":"Divergent therapeutic and immunologic effects of oligodeoxynucleotides with distinct CpG motifs","volume":"167","author":"Ballas","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R38-1-20210208","first-page":"3281","article-title":"Generation of antitumor immunity by cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitope peptide vaccination, CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide adjuvant, and CTLA-4 blockade","volume":"63","author":"Davila","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"R39-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI31202","article-title":"Tregs and rethinking cancer immunotherapy","volume":"117","author":"Curiel","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"R40-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14987","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0806075105","article-title":"CTLA-4 blockade increases IFNgamma-producing CD4+ICOShi cells to shift the ratio of effector to regulatory T cells in cancer patients","volume":"105","author":"Liakou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R41-1-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-11-125435","article-title":"CTLA4 blockade expands FoxP3+ regulatory and activated effector CD4+ T cells in a dose-dependent fashion","volume":"112","author":"Kavanagh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"}],"container-title":["Journal of Immunotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/CJI.0b013e3181c01fcb","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T18:20:21Z","timestamp":1786040421000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00002371-201004000-00001"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/cji.0b013e3181c01fcb","relation":{},"ISSN":["1524-9557"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1524-9557","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]}}}