{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T01:43:48Z","timestamp":1766627028545,"version":"3.27.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Conjunctivitis epidemics and pandemics remain a global burden. This study aims to comprehensively identify pathogens associated with conjunctivitis in Vietnam.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Patients with acute infectious conjunctivitis who presented to an outpatient clinic in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, were enrolled from September 2022 to March 2023. Swabs were obtained from conjunctiva and anterior nares of all patients. Unbiased RNA deep sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to identify any replicating pathogens in the samples.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Samples from 35 patients were analyzed. A pathogen was identified in 80% of the patients. In total, 72% (95% confidence interval: 54%\u201385%) were infected with either human adenovirus (HAdV)-D or HAdV-B. RNA viruses detected were rhinoviruses and human coronavirus 229E. Bacteria etiologies included <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Hemophilus influenza<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas spp.<\/jats:italic> One patient had coinfection of rhinovirus A and HAdV-B. <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Vittaforma corneae<\/jats:italic>, a fungus, was identified in one patient. Corneal subepithelial infiltrates, pseudomembranes, or preauricular lymphadenopathy were not reported in any patient.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Human adenoviruses are the common circulating pathogens associated with infectious conjunctivitis in Vietnam. HAdV species, however, seem to vary between geographic locations within Vietnam. Other underrecognized pathogens identified in this study, such as RNA viruses, suggest that broader pathogen surveillance may be beneficial.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/coa.0000000000000025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T16:41:36Z","timestamp":1702312896000},"page":"e0025","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Pathogen Profiles of Infectious Conjunctivitis in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Huy","family":"Tran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hai Yen Vision Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linh","family":"Hoang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hai Yen Vision Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yen","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hai Yen Vision Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Th\u1ea3o","family":"H\u1ea1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hai Yen Vision Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Ruder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cindi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danny","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"YuHeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Armin","family":"Hinterwirth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Deiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Travis","family":"Porco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA;"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA;"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA; and"},{"name":"Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Lietman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA;"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA;"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA; and"},{"name":"Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerami D.","family":"Seitzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA;"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thuy","family":"Doan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA;"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the SCORPIO (Seasonal Conjunctivitis Outbreak Reporting for Prevention and Improved Outcomes) Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20241016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0010140","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010140","article-title":"Vietnam: neglected tropical diseases in an emerging and accelerating economy","volume":"16","author":"Pham","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"R3-20241016","first-page":"19","article-title":"Non-communicable diseases, food and nutrition in Vietnam from 1975 to 2015: the burden and national response","volume":"27","author":"Nguyen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"R4-20241016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1093\/inthealth\/ihab049","article-title":"Keeping an eye on pink eye: a global conjunctivitis outbreak expert survey","volume":"14","author":"Kaur","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int Health"},{"key":"R5-20241016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.22-0600","article-title":"Viruses associated with acute conjunctivitis in Vanuatu","volume":"108","author":"Johnson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"R6-20241016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0009","DOI":"10.1097\/coa.0000000000000009","article-title":"Apollo rising: acute conjunctivitis outbreak in India, 2022","volume":"2","author":"Prajna","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cornea Open"},{"key":"R7-20241016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2006.07.041","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of adenoviral conjunctivitis in Hanoi, Vietnam","volume":"142","author":"Jin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R8-20241016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3100","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25844","article-title":"Molecular typing of conjunctivitis-causing adenoviruses in Hanoi, Vietnam from 2017 to 2019 and complete genome analysis of the most prevalent type (HAdV-8)","volume":"92","author":"Nguyen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"R9-20241016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000002010","article-title":"Case series: unbiased deep sequencing analysis of acute infectious conjunctivitis in an ambulatory eye center in Berkeley, California","volume":"100","author":"Kanai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"R10-20241016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2022.105300","article-title":"Outpatient human coronavirus associated conjunctivitis in India","volume":"157","author":"Prajna","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"R11-20241016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.10.022","article-title":"Emerging pandemic diseases: how we got to COVID-19","volume":"183","author":"Morens","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"}],"container-title":["Cornea Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/coa.0000000000000025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T23:06:26Z","timestamp":1729119986000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/coa.0000000000000025"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/coa.0000000000000025","relation":{},"ISSN":["2833-6992"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2833-6992"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-09-07","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-10-30","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}