{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T23:17:29Z","timestamp":1790378249875,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/coc.0b013e3181f47923","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,2]],"date-time":"2010-12-02T10:17:05Z","timestamp":1291285025000},"page":"167-177","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Radioembolization in the Treatment of Unresectable Liver Tumors"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Douglas","family":"Coldwell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Sangro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riad","family":"Salem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harpreet","family":"Wasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2004.09.004","article-title":"Pathologic response and microdosimetry of 90Y microspheres in man: review of four explanted whole livers.","volume":"60","author":"Kennedy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"R2-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(03)00188-3","article-title":"Why recent studies relating normal tissue response to individual radiosensitivity might have failed and how new studies should be performed.","volume":"56","author":"Dikomey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"R3-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(196603)19:3<421::AID-CNCR2820190316>3.0.CO;2-V","article-title":"Significance of liver metastases in women with disseminated breast cancer undergoing endocrine ablative surgery.","volume":"19","author":"Nemato","year":"1966","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"R4-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1973.40","article-title":"An autopsy study of some routes of dissemination of cancer of the breast.","volume":"27","author":"Viadana","year":"1973","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"R5-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1097\/PPO.0b013e3181629a7b","article-title":"Clinical course of breast cancer patients with metastases limited to the liver treated with chemotherapy.","volume":"14","author":"Er","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer J"},{"key":"R6-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-005-9117-4","article-title":"Metastatic breast cancer with liver metastases: a registry analysis of clinicopathologic, management and outcome characteristics of 500 women.","volume":"97","author":"Pentheroudakis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"R7-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1245\/ASO.2004.01.007","article-title":"Long-term survival after an aggressive surgical approach in patients with breast cancer hepatic metastases.","volume":"11","author":"Vlastos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"R8-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2439","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(03)00601-4","article-title":"EORTC Breast Cancer and Early Clinical Studies Groups. Clinical outcome of breast cancer patients with liver metastases alone in the anthracycline-taxane era: a retrospective analysis of two prospective, randomized metastatic breast cancer trials.","volume":"39","author":"Atalay","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"R9-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-005-9039-1","article-title":"Prognostic factors for patients with liver metastases from breast cancer.","volume":"96","author":"Eichbaum","year":"2006","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"R10-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(02)01204-7","article-title":"An attempt to clarify indications for hepatectomy for liver metastases from breast cancer.","volume":"185","author":"Elias","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"R11-15-20210128","first-page":"639","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) as a cytoreductive strategy for hepatic metastasis from breast cancer. Ann R Coll Surg.","volume":"88","author":"Lawes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Engl"},{"key":"R12-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2006.10.014","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation of liver metastases from breast cancer: results in 14 patients.","volume":"18","author":"Gunabushanam","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"R13-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.141.6.581","article-title":"Long-term survival after radiofrequency ablation of complex unresectable liver tumors.","volume":"141","author":"Amersi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"R14-15-20210128","first-page":"806","article-title":"Evaluation of long-term therapeutic effects of ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation of liver metastases.","volume":"86","author":"Liang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"R15-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.2325\/jbcs.12.26","article-title":"Open-configuration MR-guided microwave thermocoagulation therapy for metastatic liver tumors from breast cancer.","volume":"12","author":"Abe","year":"2005","journal-title":"Breast Cancer"},{"key":"R16-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1177\/153303460400300208","article-title":"Cryotherapy for liver tumors: current status, perspectives, clinical results, and review of literature.","volume":"3","author":"Seifert","year":"2004","journal-title":"Technol Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"R17-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1097\/01.RVI.0000116190.44877.04","article-title":"Chemoembolization of liver metastasis from breast carcinoma.","volume":"15","author":"Giroux","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"R18-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2007.03.056","article-title":"Use of yttrium-90 microspheres in the treatment of unresectable hepatic metastases from breast cancer.","volume":"69","author":"Coldwell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"R19-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2008.01.009","article-title":"Radioembolization in patients with hepatic metastases from breast cancer.","volume":"19","author":"Jakobs","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"R20-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2007.02.019","article-title":"90Y radioembolization of metastatic breast cancer to the liver: toxicity, imaging response, survival.","volume":"18","author":"Bangash","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"R22-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.123.12.1639","article-title":"Development of metastatic disease after enrollment in the COMS trials for treatment of choroidal melanoma: Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study Group Report No. 26.","volume":"123","author":"Diener-West","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R23-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1080\/07357900802620893","article-title":"A first report of radioembolization for hepatic metastases from ocular melanoma.","volume":"27","author":"Kennedy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Invest"},{"key":"R24-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2007.11.002","article-title":"Yttrium-90-labeled microsphere radioembolotherapy of liver-dominant metastases from thoracic malignancies.","volume":"19","author":"Murthy","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"suppl 6","key":"R27-15-20210128","first-page":"1","article-title":"UK guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma.","volume":"51","author":"Khan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"R30-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2119","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23818","article-title":"Treatment of unresectable cholangiocarcinoma using yttrium-90 microspheres: results from a pilot study.","volume":"113","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"R32-15-20210128","first-page":"37","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of yttrium-90 labeled microsphere radiation treatment for hepatic metastases.","volume":"60","author":"Johnson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Northeast Florida Med"},{"key":"R33-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2008.07.009","article-title":"Salvage radioembolization of liver-dominant metastases with a resin-based microsphere: initial outcomes.","volume":"19","author":"Stuart","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"R34-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2472062029","article-title":"Unresectable chemorefractory liver metastases: radioembolization with 90Y microspheressafety, efficacy, and survival.","volume":"247","author":"Sato","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"R35-15-20210128","first-page":"523","article-title":"90Yttrium microspheres for nonresectable liver cancer: the university of Connecticut health center experience.","volume":"71","author":"Rowe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Conn Med"},{"key":"R36-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1097\/MNM.0b013e328011453b","article-title":"Assessment of response to treatment of unresectable liver tumours with 90Y microspheres: value of FDG PET versus computed tomography.","volume":"28","author":"Szyszko","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nucl Med Commun"},{"key":"R37-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1097\/01.rlu.0000259568.54976.bd","article-title":"Concordant F-18 FDG PET and Y-90 Bremsstrahlung scans depict selective delivery of Y-90-microspheres to liver tumors: confirmation with histopathology.","volume":"32","author":"Tehranipour","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Nucl Med"},{"key":"R38-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2007.02.021","article-title":"Clinical and imaging experience with yttrium-90 microspheres in the management of unresectable liver tumours.","volume":"33","author":"Jiao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"R39-15-20210128","first-page":"561","article-title":"Treatment of primary and secondary liver tumours with selective internal radiation therapy.","volume":"26","author":"Khodjibekova","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Exp Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"R40-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-006-0508-7","article-title":"Mid-term results in otherwise treatment refractory primary or secondary liver confined tumours treated with selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) using 90yttrium resin-microspheres.","volume":"17","author":"Jakobs","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"R41-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1089\/cbr.2005.20.200","article-title":"Selective internal radiation therapy with SIR-spheres in patients with nonresectable liver tumors.","volume":"20","author":"Popperl","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Biother Radiopharm"},{"key":"R43-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-5-15","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of Y-90 microsphere treatment in patients with primary and metastatic liver cancer: the tumor selectivity of the treatment as a function of tumor to liver flow ratio.","volume":"5","author":"Gulec","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"R46-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1097\/01.RVI.0000168104.32849.07","article-title":"Reduction of metastatic load to liver after intraarterial hepatic yttrium-90 radioembolization as evaluated by 18Ffluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomographic imaging.","volume":"16","author":"Wong","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"R47-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.2005.00789.x","article-title":"Prospective study of treatment with selective internal radiation therapy spheres in patients with unresectable primary or secondary hepatic malignancies.","volume":"35","author":"Lim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"key":"R52-15-20210128","first-page":"A4","article-title":"Ytrium-90 microsphere hepatic artery embolization in the treatment of nonresectable hepatic malignancy. Presented at the Australasian Radiology Conference, 2003.","volume":"48","author":"Bailey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Australasian Radiol"},{"key":"R53-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-009-0454-0","article-title":"Radiation lobectomy: preliminary findings of hepatic volumetric response to lobar yttrium-90 radioembolization.","volume":"16","author":"Gaba","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"R54-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7819-7-6","article-title":"Preoperative Y-90 microsphere selective internal radiation treatment for tumor downsizing and future liver remnant recruitment: a novel approach to improving the safety of major hepatic resections.","volume":"7","author":"Gulec","year":"2009","journal-title":"World J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"R55-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2009.01.023","article-title":"Radiation lobectomya minimally invasive treatment model for liver cancer: case report.","volume":"20","author":"Siddiqi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"R56-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2009.05.043","article-title":"Re: radiation lobectomya minimally invasive treatment model for liver cancer.","volume":"20","author":"Gaba","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"R57-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2007.02.002","article-title":"Gastrointestinal complications associated with hepatic arterial yttrium-90 microsphere therapy.","volume":"18","author":"Murthy","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"R58-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-007-9064-z","article-title":"Radioembolization with 90Y microspheres: angiographic and technical considerations.","volume":"30","author":"Lewandowski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"R59-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2008.10.005","article-title":"Treatment parameters and outcome in 680 treatments of internal radiation with resin 90Y-microspheres for unresectable hepatic tumors.","volume":"74","author":"Kennedy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"R60-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2006.11.060","article-title":"Recommendations for radioembolization of hepatic malignancies using yttrium-90 microsphere brachytherapy: a consensus panel report from the Radioembolization Brachytherapy Oncology Consortium (REBOC).","volume":"68","author":"Kennedy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"R61-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.6895","article-title":"Stereotactic body radiation therapy for colorectal liver metastases.","volume":"97","author":"Van der Pool","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"R62-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1097\/COC.0b013e3181979238","article-title":"Patterns of recurrence after curative-intent radiation for oligometastases confined to one organ.","volume":"33","author":"Milano","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"R63-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.19.6329","article-title":"Multi-institutional phase III trial of stereotactic body radiation therapy for liver metastases.","volume":"27","author":"Rusthoven","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"R64-15-20210128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.20.0600","article-title":"Phase I study of individualized stereotactic body radiotherapy of liver metastases.","volume":"27","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Clinical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00000421-201204000-00015","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,10]],"date-time":"2021-04-10T05:52:35Z","timestamp":1618033955000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00000421-201204000-00015"}},"subtitle":["Experience Across a Range of Primary Cancers"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/coc.0b013e3181f47923","relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-3732"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-3732","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]}}}