{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T12:50:22Z","timestamp":1779195022314,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]],"date-time":"2021-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621987200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To evaluate intraoperative and postoperative cytokines in patients who underwent robotic prostatectomy (RP) at a pressure of 12 or 15\u200amm\u200aHg, and the risk of postoperative ileus.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Materials and methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We presented the first series evaluating intraoperative and postoperative cytokines in patients undergoing RP at a pressure of 12 or 15\u200amm\u200aHg by a single surgeon. Changes in cytokine concentrations were shown to correlate with surgical outcomes and pathological states. The study investigated the changes in cytokine concentrations (interferon-\u03b3, tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1, interleukin-1\u03b2 [IL-1\u03b2], IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-12, and IL-17) at different pneumoperitoneum pressures and their potential role in the development of postoperative ileus.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The data on 10 consecutive patients confirmed that a lower pneumoperitoneum pressure was associated with lower cytokine levels and a lower risk of ileus. There were increased levels of postoperative interferon-\u03b3, tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1, IL-12p70, IL-1\u03b2, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-17a at 15\u200amm\u200aHg when compared to 12\u200amm\u200aHg.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The data indicated that lower pressure RP reduced intra-\/postoperative cytokine levels confirming our hypothesis. Larger patient numbers are required to further validate this but the implications of this data will benefit not only urological patients but also other speciality patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/cu9.0000000000000027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]],"date-time":"2021-05-28T19:32:23Z","timestamp":1622230343000},"page":"91-94","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Serum cytokine levels as markers of paralytic ileus following robotic radical prostatectomy at different pneumoperitoneum pressures"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Alexander","family":"Hampson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire Urological Cancer Centre, Department of Urology, Lister Hospital, Stevenage, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nidhin","family":"Raj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vidhya","family":"Lingamanaicker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire Urological Cancer Centre, Department of Urology, Lister Hospital, Stevenage, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shori","family":"Thakur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gowrie Mohan","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthetics, Lister Hospital, Stevenage, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Venkat","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthetics, Lister Hospital, Stevenage, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anwar","family":"Baydoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikhil","family":"Vasdev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire Urological Cancer Centre, Department of Urology, Lister Hospital, Stevenage, UK"},{"name":"School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"(1)","key":"R1-20250821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-016-1485-1","article-title":"Postoperative ileus: in search of an international consensus on definition, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"402","author":"Gero","year":"2017","journal-title":"Langenbecks Arch Surg"},{"issue":"(1)","key":"R2-20250821","first-page":"19","article-title":"The incidence of postoperative ileus in patients who underwent robotic assisted radical prostatectomy","volume":"67","author":"Ozdemir","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cent European J Urol"},{"issue":"(6_sup)","key":"R4-20250821","first-page":"38","article-title":"Robotics in urology","volume":"100","author":"McGuinness","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg 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infiltrate of the jejunal muscularis","volume":"235","author":"Schwarz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"(2)","key":"R8-20250821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-016-3303-z","article-title":"Regulation of postoperative ileus by lentivirus-mediated HuR RNA interference via the p38\/MK2 signaling pathway","volume":"21","author":"Xiong","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"key":"R9-20250821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2599","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02599","article-title":"Leukocyte-derived interleukin-10 aggravates postoperative ileus","volume":"9","author":"Stein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"R10-20250821","first-page":"4309485","article-title":"Cytokines as biomarkers and their respective clinical cutoff levels","volume":"2017","author":"Monastero","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J 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