{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T13:16:25Z","timestamp":1777554985060,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]],"date-time":"2013-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359676800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dermatitis\u00ae"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Contact dermatoses are common in food service workers (FSWs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to (1) determine the prevalence of occupationally related contact dermatitis among FSWs patch tested by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACDG) and (2) characterize responsible allergens and irritants as well as sources.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional analysis of patients patch tested by the NACDG, 1994 to 2010, was conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 35,872 patients patch tested, 1237 (3.4%) were FSWs. Occupationally related skin disease was significantly more common in FSWs when compared with employed non-FSWs. Food service workers were significantly more likely to have hand (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001) and arm (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0006) involvement. The rates for irritant and allergic contact dermatitis in FSWs were 30.6% and 54.7%, respectively. Although the final diagnosis of irritant contact dermatitis was statistically higher in FSWs as compared with non-FSWs, allergic contact dermatitis was lower in FSWs as compared with non-FSWs. The most frequent currently relevant and occupationally related allergens were thiuram mix (32.5%) and carba mix (28.9%). Gloves were the most common source of responsible allergens. The NACDG standard tray missed at least 1 occupationally related allergen in 38 patients (4.3%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among FSWs patch tested by the NACDG between 1994 and 2010, the most common allergens were thiuram mix and carba mix. Gloves were the most common source of responsible allergens.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/der.0b013e31827b14e1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,16]],"date-time":"2014-04-16T12:04:13Z","timestamp":1397649853000},"page":"22-28","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Occupationally Related Contact Dermatitis in North American Food Service Workers Referred for Patch Testing, 1994 to 2010"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Erin M.","family":"Warshaw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the,  Department of Dermatology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gina P.","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the,  Department of Dermatology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.G. Toby","family":"Mathias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Howard I.","family":"Maibach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Joseph F.","family":"Fowler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald V.","family":"Belsito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Sasseville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathryn A.","family":"Zug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James S.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony F.","family":"Fransway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associates in Dermatology, Fort Meyers, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent A.","family":"DeLeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"James G.","family":"Marks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Pennsylvania State University, Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melanie D.","family":"Pratt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frances J.","family":"Storrs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Zirwas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joel G.","family":"DeKoven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","article-title":"Prevalence of dermatitis in the working population, United States, 2010 National Health Interview Survey","author":"Luckhaupt SE","year":"2012","unstructured":"Luckhaupt SE, , Dahlhamer JM, , Ward BW, et al. Prevalence of dermatitis in the working population, United States, 2010 National Health Interview Survey. Am J Ind Med, 2012; e-publish.","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0536.2002.460408.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1986.tb01312.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2009.01611.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1610-0387.2007.06419.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqr039"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1995.tb00511.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2011.02048.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200203040-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-006-0154-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.142.3.305"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.11.1053"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-1873.2005.00731.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2310\/6620.2008.07059"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2007.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2310\/derm.1.2004.2030"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2310\/6620.2007.06060"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2310\/6620.2009.08097"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-002-0418-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqp034"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DER.0b013e318273a3b8"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","first-page":"419","article-title":"Occupational contact urticaria and protein contact dermatitis","volume":"15","author":"Doutre MS","year":"2005","unstructured":"Doutre MS. Occupational contact urticaria and protein contact dermatitis. Eur J Dermatol, 2005; 15: 419\u2013424.","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","first-page":"552","article-title":"Immediate contact skin reactions, an update of contact urticaria, contact urticaria syndrome and protein contact dermatitis\u2014\u201cA Never Ending Story\u201d","volume":"20","author":"Gimenez-Arnau A","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gimenez-Arnau A, , Maurer M, , De La CJ, et al. Immediate contact skin reactions, an update of contact urticaria, contact urticaria syndrome and protein contact dermatitis\u2014\u201cA Never Ending Story\u201d. Eur J Dermatol, 2010; 20: 552\u2013562.","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1996.tb02363.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","first-page":"15","author":"Mellstrom GA","unstructured":"Mellstrom GA, , Bowman MA. In: Boman A, Estlander T, Wahlberg JE, Maibach HI, eds. Protective gloves for occupational use. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2005: 15\u201328.","journal-title":"Protective gloves for occupational use"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/50.4.265"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0536.2003.480107.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.2002.01308.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1991.tb01717.x"}],"container-title":["Dermatitis\u00ae"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1097\/DER.0b013e31827b14e1","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1097\/DER.0b013e31827b14e1","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1097\/DER.0b013e31827b14e1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T18:07:59Z","timestamp":1777399679000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1097\/DER.0b013e31827b14e1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1097\/DER.0b013e31827b14e1"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/der.0b013e31827b14e1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1710-3568","2162-5220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1710-3568","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-5220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]]}}}