{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T01:41:41Z","timestamp":1789177301561,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]],"date-time":"2024-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722211200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are the most frequent complications in the context of anaesthesia. Several studies suggest a contribution of genetic traits to PONV disposition. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the cholinergic receptor muscarinic 3 gene <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CHRM3<\/jats:italic> (rs2165870) and the potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 2 <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">KCNB2<\/jats:italic> (rs349358) have been described as independent risk factors for the occurrence of PONV. In addition, further SNPs might be associated with an increased PONV risk, for example a dopamine D2 receptor (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">DRD2<\/jats:italic>) SNP (rs1800497).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The primary aim of our study was the development of a new PONV prediction score which includes genetic information of SNPs in the genes <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CHRM3<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">KCNB2,<\/jats:italic> which have been already associated with PONV. The secondary aim of our study was to investigate the association of five additional SNPs with PONV.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>DESIGN<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Prospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>SETTING<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Single centre study in Germany.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We could not establish a new PONV prediction score that includes genetic information, due to limited association of the <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">KCNB2<\/jats:italic> SNP and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CHRM3<\/jats:italic> SNP with PONV. Interestingly, the GA and AA genotypes of the <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">DRD2<\/jats:italic> rs1800497 in the dopamine D2 receptor gene were associated with PONV 24\u200ah postoperatively, with a relative risk (RR) of GA\/AA genotype vs. GG genotype of 1.5 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06 to 2.01, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u200a=\u200a0.02]. This association was independent from the Apfel score in a multivariate logistic regression analysis (RR 1.4, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.90, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u200a=\u200a0.03).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The construction of a new PONV prediction score including genetic information was not possible due to limited association of the <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CHRM3<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">KCNB2<\/jats:italic> SNPs. However, the <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">DRD2<\/jats:italic> GA and AA genotypes (rs1800497) were associated with PONV and this SNP might be a future candidate for further validation studies aiming for molecular-derived PONV prediction models.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>TRIAL REGISTRATION<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>German Clinical Study Register \u2013 DRKS00021051.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/ea9.0000000000000056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T08:49:30Z","timestamp":1722329370000},"page":"e0056","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Association of the dopamine D2 receptor gene SNP rs1800497 with postoperative nausea and vomiting"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Maike","family":"Stegen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hagen S.","family":"Bachmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grazina","family":"Belani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"Breuing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thorsten","family":"Brenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Klenke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004833","article-title":"Fourth consensus guidelines for the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting","volume":"131","author":"Gan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R2-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199207000-00023","article-title":"Postoperative nausea and vomiting: its etiology, treatment, and prevention","volume":"77","author":"Watcha","year":"1992","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"R3-20240826","first-page":"652","article-title":"Which clinical anesthesia outcomes are important to avoid? 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