{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T10:08:21Z","timestamp":1790503701675,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/ede.0b013e3181d5c021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,23]],"date-time":"2010-03-23T02:43:55Z","timestamp":1269312235000},"page":"414-423","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":180,"title":["Impact of Fine and Ultrafine Particles on Emergency Hospital Admissions for Cardiac and Respiratory Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Valeria","family":"Belleudi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annunziata","family":"Faustini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Stafoggia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Cattani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Achille","family":"Marconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo A.","family":"Perucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Forastiere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-21-20210207","article-title":"WHO Air Quality Guidelines. Global Update 2005.","year":"2006"},{"key":"R2-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1080\/10473289.2006.10464485","article-title":"Health effects of fine particulate air pollution: lines that connect.","volume":"56","author":"Pope","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Air Waste Manag Assoc"},{"key":"R3-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1080\/15287390600884644","article-title":"Health effects associated with exposure to ambient air pollution.","volume":"70","author":"Samet","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Toxicol Environ Health A"},{"issue":"suppl 40","key":"R4-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47s","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00403203","article-title":"Mechanism of lung injury caused by PM10 and ultrafine particles with special reference to COPD.","volume":"21","author":"MacNee","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"R5-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1080\/10473289.1996.10467528","article-title":"Is daily mortality associated specifically with fine particles ?","volume":"46","author":"Schwartz","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Air Waste Manag Assoc"},{"key":"R6-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.10.1127","article-title":"Fine particulate air pollution and hospital admission for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.","volume":"295","author":"Dominici","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R7-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.58.8.504","article-title":"Particulate matter and daily mortality and hospital admissions in the west midlands conurbation of the United Kingdom: associations with fine and coarse particles, black smoke and sulphate.","volume":"58","author":"Anderson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"R8-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2007.036194","article-title":"Short-term associations between fine and coarse particles and hospital admissions for cardiorespiratory diseases in six French cities.","volume":"65","author":"Host","year":"2008","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"R9-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)90173-6","article-title":"Particulate air pollution and acute health effect.","volume":"345","author":"Seaton","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R10-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7339","article-title":"Nanotoxicology: an emerging discipline evolving from studies of ultrafine particles.","volume":"113","author":"Oberd\u00f6rster","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"R11-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7938","article-title":"Potential role of ultrafine particles in associations between airborne particle mass and cardiovascular health.","volume":"113","author":"Delfino","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"R12-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s004200000185","article-title":"Pulmonary effects of inhaled ultrafine particles.","volume":"74","author":"Oberd\u00f6rster","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"R13-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jes.7500538","article-title":"Daily mortality and particulate matter in different size classes in Erfurt, Germany.","volume":"17","author":"Stolzel","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"R14-21-20210207","first-page":"5","article-title":"Daily mortality and fine and ultrafine particles in Erfurt, Germany part I: role of particle number and particle mass.","volume":"98","author":"Wichmann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Res Rep Health Eff Inst"},{"key":"R15-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000257999.49706.3b","article-title":"Associations of fine and ultrafine particulate air pollution with stroke mortality in an area of low air pollution levels.","volume":"38","author":"Kettunen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"R16-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e31818c7237","article-title":"Associations of different measures of particulate air pollution with acute cardio-respiratory hospital admissions and mortality among the elderly.","volume":"20","author":"Halonen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"R17-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2007.033290","article-title":"Size distribution and total number concentration of ultrafine and accumulation mode particles and hospital admissions in children and the elderly in Copenhagen, Denmark.","volume":"65","author":"Andersen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"R18-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2007.091371","article-title":"Urban air pollution, and asthma and COPD hospital emergency room visits.","volume":"63","author":"Halonen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"R19-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2005.039834","article-title":"Air pollution and emergency admissions in Boston, MA.","volume":"60","author":"Zanobetti","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"R20-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwk051","article-title":"Ambient air pollution and cardiovascular emergency department visits in potentially sensitive groups.","volume":"165","author":"Peel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R21-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181761f8a","article-title":"Particulate matter and daily mortality: a case-crossover analysis of individual effect modifiers.","volume":"19","author":"Forastiere","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"R22-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200412-1726OC","article-title":"A case-crossover analysis of out-of-hospital coronary deaths and air pollution in Rome, Italy.","volume":"172","author":"Forastiere","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R25-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1080\/10473289.2005.10464702","article-title":"Aerosol particle number concentration measurements in five European cities using TSI-3022 condensation particle counter over a three-year period during health effects of air pollution on susceptible sub-populations.","volume":"55","author":"Aalto","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Air Waste Manag Assoc"},{"key":"R26-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0450(1979)018<0861:TAOSPI>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"The assessment of sultriness. Part I: a temperature-humidity index based on human physiology and clothing science.","volume":"18","author":"Steadman","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Appl Meteorol"},{"key":"R27-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115853","article-title":"The case-crossover design: a method for studying transient effects on the risk of acute events.","volume":"133","author":"Maclure","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R28-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-200103000-00010","article-title":"Referent selection in case-crossover analyses of acute health effects of air pollution.","volume":"12","author":"Levy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"R29-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2004.027391","article-title":"A call for reporting the relevant exposure term in air pollution case-crossover studies.","volume":"59","author":"Kunzli","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"R30-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj116","article-title":"Individual-level modifiers of the effects of particulate matter on daily mortality.","volume":"163","author":"Zeka","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R31-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2443","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.636977","article-title":"Ischemic heart disease events triggered by short-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution.","volume":"114","author":"Pope","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"R32-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a010121","article-title":"Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are at increased risk of death associated with urban particle air pollution: a case-crossover analysis.","volume":"151","author":"Sunyer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R33-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200205-409OC","article-title":"Contribution of respiratory disease to nonrespiratory mortality associations with air pollution.","volume":"167","author":"De Leon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R34-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2008.07.024","article-title":"Air pollution and hospital admissions for congestive heart failure: are there potentially sensitive groups ?","volume":"108","author":"Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"R35-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj206","article-title":"A case crossover study of fine particulate matter air pollution and onset of congestive heart failure symptom exacerbation leading to hospitalization.","volume":"164","author":"Symmons","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R36-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-6-26","article-title":"Effects of ambient air pollution on functional status in patients with chronic congestive heart failure: a repeated-measures study.","volume":"6","author":"Wellenius","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"key":"R37-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2005.023911","article-title":"Associations of traffic related air pollutants with hospitalization for first acute myocardial infarction: the HEAPSS study.","volume":"63","author":"Lanki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"R38-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3073","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.548743","article-title":"Ambient air pollution is associated with increased risk of hospital cardiac readmissions of myocardial infarction survivors in five European cities.","volume":"112","author":"Von Klot","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"R39-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1177\/153537020623101007","article-title":"Pulmonary exposure to diesel exhaust particles enhances coagulatory disturbance with endothelial damage and systemic inflammation related to lung inflammation.","volume":"231","author":"Inoue","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"R40-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000152905.42113.db","article-title":"Ambient air pollution and respiratory emergency department visits.","volume":"16","author":"Peel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"R41-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2006.076166","article-title":"Temporal relationship between air pollutants and hospital admissions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Hong Kong.","volume":"62","author":"Ko","year":"2007","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"R42-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.01.17304280","article-title":"Ultrafine particles in urban air and respiratory health among adults asthmatics.","volume":"17","author":"Penttinen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"R43-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.1999.13b08.x","article-title":"Fine particulate air pollution, resuspended road dust and respiratory health among symptomatic children.","volume":"13","author":"Tittanen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"R44-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1006\/enrs.1997.3750","article-title":"Effects of ultrafine and fine particles in urban air on peak expiratory flow among children with asthmatic symptoms.","volume":"74","author":"Pekkanen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"R45-21-20210207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2007.09.026","article-title":"Indoor-outdoor relationships of particle number and mass in four European cities.","volume":"42","author":"Hoek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Atmos Environ"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181d5c021","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T18:19:18Z","timestamp":1786040358000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00001648-201005000-00021"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ede.0b013e3181d5c021","relation":{},"ISSN":["1044-3983"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1044-3983","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]}}}