{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:50:29Z","timestamp":1792000229070,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n \n Abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide are 2 novel drugs for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The metabolism of these drugs is extensive. Major metabolites are\n N-<\/jats:italic>\n desmethyl enzalutamide, enzalutamide carboxylic acid, abiraterone N-oxide sulfate, and abiraterone sulfate; of which\n N<\/jats:italic>\n -<\/jats:italic>\n desmethyl enzalutamide is reported to possess antiandrogen capacities. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous quantification of abiraterone, enzalutamide, and the main metabolites has been developed and validated to support therapeutic drug monitoring.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Human plasma samples of patients treated with abiraterone or enzalutamide were harvested at the clinic and stored at \u221220\u00b0C. Proteins were precipitated by acetonitrile, and the final extract was injected on a Kinetex C18 column and separated with gradient elution. Analytes were detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (Triple Quad 6500).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The method was validated over various linear ranges: 1\u2013100 ng\/mL for abiraterone, 5\u2013500 ng\/mL for enzalutamide and enzalutamide carboxylic acid, 10\u20131000 ng\/mL for\n N-<\/jats:italic>\n desmethyl enzalutamide, 30\u20133000 ng\/mL for abiraterone N-oxide sulfate, and 100\u201310,000 ng\/mL for abiraterone sulfate. Intra-assay and interassay variabilities were within \u00b115% of the nominal concentrations for quality control samples at medium and high concentrations and within \u00b120% at the lower limit of quantification, respectively.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n The described method for simultaneous determination of abiraterone and enzalutamide was validated successfully and provides a useful tool for therapeutic drug monitoring in patients treated with these agents.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/ftd.0000000000000387","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,23]],"date-time":"2017-03-23T00:43:56Z","timestamp":1490229836000},"page":"243-251","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Development and Validation of an LC-MS\/MS Method for the Simultaneous Quantification of Abiraterone, Enzalutamide, and Their Major Metabolites in Human Plasma"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Merel","family":"van Nuland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek\/The Netherlands Cancer Institute and MC Slotervaart;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. J. X.","family":"Hillebrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek\/The Netherlands Cancer Institute and MC Slotervaart;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Rosing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek\/The Netherlands Cancer Institute and MC Slotervaart;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. H. M.","family":"Schellens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medical Oncology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek\/The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and"},{"name":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. H.","family":"Beijnen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek\/The Netherlands Cancer Institute and MC Slotervaart;"},{"name":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20230928","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21332","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2016","volume":"66","author":"Siegel","year":"2016","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin."},{"key":"R5-20230928","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601879","article-title":"Hormonal impact of the 17alpha-hydroxylase\/C(17,20)-lyase inhibitor abiraterone acetate (CB7630) in patients with prostate cancer","volume":"90","author":"O\u2019Donnell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Cancer."},{"key":"R6-20230928","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1168175","article-title":"Development of a second-generation antiandrogen for treatment of advanced prostate cancer","volume":"324","author":"Tran","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R7-20230928","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.3109\/00498254.2012.721022","article-title":"A phase I, open-label, single-dose, mass balance study of 14C-labeled abiraterone acetate in healthy male subjects","volume":"43","author":"Acharya","year":"2013","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"R8-20230928","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-015-0271-5","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetic studies of enzalutamide","volume":"54","author":"Gibbons","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"R9-20230928","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-014-0137-2","article-title":"Practical guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring of anticancer tyrosine kinase inhibitors: focus on the pharmacokinetic targets","volume":"53","author":"Yu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"R12-20230928","article-title":"Development and validation of a novel LC-MS\/MS method for simultaneous determination of abiraterone and its seven steroidal metabolites in human serum: innovation in separation of diastereoisomers without use of a chiral column","author":"Alyamani","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol."},{"key":"R13-20230928","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.1726","article-title":"Development and validation of a highly sensitive method for the determination of abiraterone in rat and human plasma by LC-MS\/MS-ESI: application to a pharmacokinetic study","volume":"26","author":"Gurav","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomed Chromatogr."},{"key":"R14-20230928","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2006.06.010","article-title":"A validated liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectroscopy method for the quantification of abiraterone acetate and abiraterone in human plasma","volume":"843","author":"Martins","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci."},{"key":"R15-20230928","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.3127","article-title":"Quantitative determination of enzalutamide, an anti-prostate cancer drug, in rat plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and its application to a pharmacokinetic study","volume":"28","author":"Song","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed Chromatogr."},{"key":"R16-20230928","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.4155\/bio.13.325","article-title":"Validation of a method for quantifying enzalutamide and its major metabolites in human plasma by LC-MS\/MS","volume":"6","author":"Bennett","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioanalysis"}],"container-title":["Therapeutic Drug Monitoring"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00007691-201706000-00007","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T18:47:11Z","timestamp":1786042031000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00007691-201706000-00007"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ftd.0000000000000387","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-4356"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-4356","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]}}}