{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,14]],"date-time":"2026-11-14T03:42:15Z","timestamp":1794627735289,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Measurement of flecainide is useful to optimize dosage and minimize risks of toxicity. Furthermore, there is a need for urgent sample analysis when flecainide is used in transplacental therapy for fetal tachycardia. To this end, we have developed and validated a rapid assay for the measurement of flecainide in human plasma or serum, using a small sample volume (50 \u00b5L).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>After a simple deproteination with zinc sulfate and methanol, prepared samples were injected onto a short (30 mm) analytical column and eluted using a rapid gradient elution. Detection was performed using time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Flecainide was quantified using flecainide-D<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> as internal standard, with both compounds extracted from the total ion chromatogram using a \u00b15 ppm extraction window based on the theoretical m\/z values for the protonated ions.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The assay was linear over a putative therapeutic range (100\u20131500 mcg\/L). Between- and within-assay imprecision and accuracy were &lt;4.6% and 94.8%\u2013110.0%, respectively. Matrix effects were minimal and were compensated for by flecainide-D<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>. There were no effects due to hemolysis or lipemia, and no carryover was apparent. Total analysis time was just 1.2 minutes (72 seconds).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We have developed and validated a rapid method for the analysis of flecainide. The method is particularly suited for flecainide therapeutic drug monitoring, when analyzing samples from mothers receiving flecainide for the treatment of fetal tachycardia.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/ftd.0000000000000586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,5]],"date-time":"2018-12-05T07:20:08Z","timestamp":1543994408000},"page":"391-395","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Rapid Quantitation of Flecainide in Human Plasma for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Using Liquid Chromatography and Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Services International (ASI), St George's-University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, United Kingdom;"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lewis","family":"Couchman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Services International (ASI), St George's-University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, United Kingdom;"},{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Clinical Academic Group, King's College London, London, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentyna","family":"Povstyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Services International (ASI), St George's-University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Verity","family":"Bainbridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Services International (ASI), St George's-University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Kipper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Services International (ASI), St George's-University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, United Kingdom;"},{"name":"Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toqa","family":"El-Nahhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Services International (ASI), St George's-University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, United Kingdom;"},{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atholl","family":"Johnston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Services International (ASI), St George's-University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, United Kingdom;"},{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Holt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Services International (ASI), St George's-University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.62.2.133","article-title":"Paediatric use of flecainide in supraventricular tachycardia: clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics","volume":"62","author":"Till","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br Heart J."},{"key":"R2-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2017.1286317","article-title":"Flecainide as first-line treatment for fetal supraventricular tachycardia","volume":"31","author":"Ezik","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"R3-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.2165\/00128072-200204010-00006","article-title":"Drug treatment of fetal tachycardias","volume":"4","author":"Oudijk","year":"2002","journal-title":"Paediatr Drugs."},{"key":"R4-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(84)90509-5","article-title":"Flecainide: its proarrhythmic effect and expected changes on the surface electrocardiogram","volume":"53","author":"Morganroth","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol."},{"key":"R5-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198607033150106","article-title":"Drug therapy. Flecainide","volume":"315","author":"Roden","year":"1986","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"R6-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2012.07.050","article-title":"A case of near-fatal flecainide overdose in a neonate successfully treated with sodium bicarbonate","volume":"44","author":"Jang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Emerg Med."},{"key":"R7-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.4103\/apc.APC_31_17","article-title":"Flecainide toxicity in a preterm neonate with permanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia","volume":"10","author":"Karmegaraj","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Pediatr Cardiol."},{"key":"R8-20230814","first-page":"155","article-title":"Relationship between plasma concentrations and suppression of ventricular extrasystoles by flecainide acetate (R-818), a new antiarrhythmic, in patients","volume":"32","author":"Conard","year":"1982","journal-title":"Arzneimittel Forschung."},{"key":"R9-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1211\/0022357055128","article-title":"Assessment of serum flecainide trough levels in patients with tachyarrhythmia","volume":"57","author":"Homma","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol."},{"key":"R10-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4347(00)84119-5","article-title":"High-performance liquid chromatographic method for the measurement of mexiletine and flecainide in blood plasma or serum","volume":"307","author":"Bhamra","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Chromatogr."},{"key":"R11-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4347(00)00343-1","article-title":"Therapeutic drug monitoring of flecainide in serum using high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray mass spectrometry","volume":"746","author":"Breindahl","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B."},{"key":"R12-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S0731-7085(02)00224-8","article-title":"High performance liquid chromatography for routine monitoring of serum flecainide","volume":"30","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal."},{"key":"R13-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2004.04.009","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of serum flecainide and its metabolites by using high performance liquid chromatography","volume":"35","author":"Doki","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal."},{"key":"R14-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3019","DOI":"10.1021\/ac020361s","article-title":"Strategies for the assessment of matrix effect in quantitative bioanalytical methods based on HPLC-MS\/MS","volume":"75","author":"Matuzewski","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anal Chem."},{"key":"R15-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0000000000000231","article-title":"Automated analysis of clozapine and norclozapine in human plasma using novel extraction plate technology and flow\u2010injection tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"38","author":"Couchman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ther Drug Monit."},{"key":"R16-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2223","article-title":"Ultra-fast LC-MS\/MS in therapeutic drug monitoring: quantification of clozapine and norclozapine in human plasma","volume":"10","author":"Couchman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Test Anal."},{"key":"R17-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.3437","article-title":"Validation of an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of flecainide in human plasma and its clinical application","volume":"29","author":"Mano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Chromatogr."}],"container-title":["Therapeutic Drug Monitoring"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00007691-201906000-00013","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]],"date-time":"2023-08-14T22:35:39Z","timestamp":1692052539000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00007691-201906000-00013"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ftd.0000000000000586","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-4356"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-4356","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]}}}