{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T06:15:48Z","timestamp":1773296148426,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/iae.0b013e3181b85f41","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,3]],"date-time":"2009-11-03T08:19:15Z","timestamp":1257236355000},"page":"1381-1395","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["CENTRAL RETINAL VEIN OCCLUSION WITH CILIORETINAL INFARCTION FROM BRANCH FLOW EXCLUSION AND CHOROIDAL ARTERIAL STEAL"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"DAVID","family":"McLEOD","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-1-20210130","first-page":"29","article-title":"Perspectives in Ophthalmology.","author":"Oosterhuis","year":"1968"},{"key":"R2-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(71)91706-5","article-title":"Pathogenesis of occlusion of the central retinal vessels.","volume":"72","author":"Hayreh","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R3-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(75)90364-5","article-title":"Clinical sign of obstructed axoplasmic transport.","volume":"2","author":"McLeod","year":"1975","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R4-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.59.9.486","article-title":"Cilio-retinal arterial circulation in central retinal vein occlusion.","volume":"59","author":"McLeod","year":"1975","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R5-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.60.6.419","article-title":"Cilio-retinal infarction after retinal vein occlusion.","volume":"60","author":"McLeod","year":"1976","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R6-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.60.8.551","article-title":"Ophthalmoscopic signs of obstructed axoplasmic transport after ocular vascular occlusions.","volume":"60","author":"McLeod","year":"1976","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R7-1-20210130","first-page":"1269","article-title":"Functional occlusion of a cilioretinal artery.","volume":"13","author":"Zylbermann","year":"1981","journal-title":"Ann Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R8-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1177\/014107688107400912","article-title":"Reappraisal of the retinal cotton-wool spot: a discussion paper.","volume":"74","author":"McLeod","year":"1981","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"key":"R9-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-198300330-00007","article-title":"Cilioretinal artery obstruction.","volume":"3","author":"Brown","year":"1983","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"R10-1-20210130","first-page":"269","article-title":"Occlusion of the central retinal vein with occlusion of a cilioretinal artery; apropos of 7 cases [in French].","volume":"10","author":"Glacet-Bernard","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Fr Ophtalmol"},{"key":"R11-1-20210130","first-page":"355","article-title":"Cilioretinal infarction and retinal vein occlusion [in French].","volume":"10","author":"Turut","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Fr Ophtalmol"},{"key":"R12-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(91)32245-0","article-title":"Cilioretinal artery occlusion in young adults with central retinal vein occlusion.","volume":"98","author":"Schatz","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R13-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01007789","article-title":"Pathogenetic mechanisms in combined cilioretinal artery and retinal vein occlusion: a reappraisal.","volume":"17","author":"Brazitikos","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R14-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)73137-X","article-title":"Combined central retinal vein occlusion and cilioretinal artery occlusion associated with prolonged retinal arterial filling.","volume":"117","author":"Keyser","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R15-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)72566-8","article-title":"Central retinal vein occlusion and cilioretinal artery infarction.","volume":"118","author":"Noble","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R16-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0420.1998.760422.x","article-title":"Central retinal vein occlusion combined with occlusion of a cilioretinal artery. A case report.","volume":"76","author":"Wrigstad","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol Scand"},{"key":"R17-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(98)00163-9","article-title":"Familial dysplasminogenemia with central retinal vein and cilioretinal artery occlusion.","volume":"126","author":"Iijima","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R18-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.1999.13.2.110","article-title":"Central retinal vein occlusion combined with cilioretinal artery occlusion.","volume":"13","author":"Kim","year":"1999","journal-title":"Korean J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R19-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199911000-00022","article-title":"Cilioretinal artery occlusion with central retinal vein occlusion.","volume":"76","author":"Messner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"R20-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.84.5.546e","article-title":"Combined central retinal vein occlusion and cilioretinal artery occlusion in a patient on hormone replacement therapy.","volume":"84","author":"Murray","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R21-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2154","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01217-4","article-title":"Patchy ischemic retinal whitening in acute central retinal vein occlusion.","volume":"109","author":"Browning","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R22-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-5155(01)00486-5","article-title":"Neovascular glaucoma associated with cilioretinal artery occlusion combined with perfused central retinal vein occlusion.","volume":"46","author":"Seo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R23-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2004.058347","article-title":"Why cottonwool spots should not be regarded as retinal nerve-fibre layer infarcts.","volume":"89","author":"McLeod","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R24-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2004.054858","article-title":"Radial optic neurotomy in combined cilioretinal artery and central retinal vein occlusion.","volume":"89","author":"Mennel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R25-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1385\/AO:38:2:135","article-title":"Bilateral combined cilioretinal artery and central retinal vein occlusion.","volume":"38","author":"Arikan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R26-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-007-9098-x","article-title":"Combined central retinal vein and cilioretinal artery occlusion.","volume":"28","author":"Querques","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R27-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.3129\/i07-203","article-title":"Cilioretinal perfusion in concurrent cilioretinal and central retinal vein occlusions.","volume":"43","author":"Gandhi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R28-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.3129\/i07-197","article-title":"Cilioretinal artery occlusion secondary to an evolving retinal vein occlusion.","volume":"43","author":"Kumaran","year":"2008","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R29-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e31815ec29b","article-title":"Central retinal vein occlusion associated with cilioretinal artery occlusion.","volume":"28","author":"Hayreh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"R30-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6700304","article-title":"Central retinal vein obstruction with cilio-retinal infarction.","volume":"17","author":"McLeod","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"R31-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.119.12.1781","article-title":"Analysis of retinal and choroidal circulation during central retinal vein occlusion using indocyanine green videoangiography.","volume":"119","author":"Paques","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R32-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.121.10.1488","article-title":"Perivenular macular whitening during acute central retinal vein occlusion.","volume":"121","author":"Paques","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R33-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1961.01840020577022","article-title":"Retinal vascular patterns. II. Human retinal vessels studied in three dimensions.","volume":"65","author":"Toussaint","year":"1961","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R34-1-20210130","first-page":"156","article-title":"Partial central retinal artery occlusion.","volume":"98","author":"Oji","year":"1978","journal-title":"Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK"},{"key":"R35-1-20210130","first-page":"71","article-title":"The anatomy of the finer retinal vessels, and some observations on their significance in certain retinal diseases.","volume":"60","author":"Michaelson","year":"1940","journal-title":"Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK"},{"key":"R36-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.53.11.721","article-title":"Blood supply of the optic nerve head and its role in optic atrophy, glaucoma, and oedema of the optic disc.","volume":"53","author":"Hayreh","year":"1969","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R37-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(76)90489-X","article-title":"Histologic studies of the vasculature of the anterior optic nerve.","volume":"82","author":"Lieberman","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R38-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2000.143","article-title":"Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy associated with central retinal vein occlusion.","volume":"14","author":"Abu el-Asrar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"R39-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.62.9.591","article-title":"Fundus signs in temporal arteritis.","volume":"62","author":"McLeod","year":"1978","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R40-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.47.2.71","article-title":"The cilio-retinal arteries.","volume":"47","author":"Hayreh","year":"1963","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R41-1-20210130","first-page":"141","article-title":"Vessels at the disc margin (cilioretinal and other simulating cilioretinal vessels).","volume":"20","author":"Jain","year":"1972","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R42-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-199004000-00003","article-title":"Combined branch retinal artery and central retinal vein obstruction.","volume":"10","author":"Duker","year":"1990","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"R43-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2001.66","article-title":"Branch retinal artery obstruction with simultaneous central retinal vein occlusion.","volume":"15","author":"Singh","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"R44-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6701355","article-title":"Simultaneous central retinal vein and retinal artery branch occlusions in two patients with homocystinaemia.","volume":"18","author":"Ozdek","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"R45-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6701530","article-title":"Multiple retinal haemorrhages (decompression retinopathy) following paracentesis for macular branch artery occlusion.","volume":"19","author":"Gupta","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"R46-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6701795","article-title":"Concurrent versus dependent retinal arteriolar occlusion and central vein occlusion.","volume":"19","author":"McLeod","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"R47-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6702039","article-title":"Inappropriate investigation and management of a retinal vascular occlusion.","volume":"20","author":"McLeod","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"R48-1-20210130","first-page":"14","article-title":"System of Ophthalmology. Vol. 4.","author":"Duke-Elder","year":"1968"},{"key":"R49-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1159\/000304511","article-title":"Hydrodynamic model eye.","volume":"146","author":"Moses","year":"1963","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"R50-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00184090","article-title":"Central retinal venous outflow pressure.","volume":"233","author":"Meyer-Schwickerath","year":"1995","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R51-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.55.11.721","article-title":"Benign retinal vasculitis. Clinical and fluorescein angiographic study.","volume":"55","author":"Hart","year":"1971","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R52-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.77.5.1017","article-title":"Design principles of vascular beds.","volume":"77","author":"Pries","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"R53-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4019","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0168","article-title":"On pulse-wave propagation in the ocular circulation.","volume":"47","author":"Gugleta","year":"2006","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R54-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2008.02.002","article-title":"Regulation of retinal blood flow in health and disease.","volume":"27","author":"Pournaras","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"R55-1-20210130","first-page":"2906","article-title":"Effects of oxygen and carbogen breathing on choroidal hemodynamics in humans.","volume":"40","author":"Kergoat","year":"1999","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R56-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1902.sp000911","article-title":"On the local reactions of the arterial wall to changes of internal pressure.","volume":"28","author":"Bayliss","year":"1902","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"R57-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.78.6.461","article-title":"Regulation of ocular blood flow during increases of arterial blood pressure.","volume":"78","author":"Michelson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R58-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1006\/mvre.1996.0034","article-title":"Autoregulation in the human retinal circulation: assessment using isometric exercise, laser Doppler velocimetry, and computer-assisted image analysis.","volume":"51","author":"Dumskyj","year":"1996","journal-title":"Microvasc Res"},{"key":"R59-1-20210130","first-page":"2338","article-title":"Choroidal blood flow during isometric exercises.","volume":"38","author":"Riva","year":"1997","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R60-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0360","article-title":"Increased blood pressure induces a diameter response of retinal arterioles that increases with decreasing arteriolar diameter.","volume":"48","author":"Jeppesen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R61-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00034.2002","article-title":"Oxygen gradients in the microcirculation.","volume":"83","author":"Tsai","year":"2003","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"R62-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1161\/hc0202.101970","article-title":"Nitric oxide regulates local arterial distensibility in vivo.","volume":"105","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"R63-1-20210130","first-page":"2228","article-title":"Nitric oxide controls arteriolar tone in the retina of the miniature pig.","volume":"36","author":"Donati","year":"1995","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R64-1-20210130","first-page":"191","article-title":"Effect of raised intraocular pressure on the retinal and choroidal circulation.","volume":"7","author":"Dollery","year":"1968","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R65-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(71)90247-9","article-title":"Ocular circulation: analysis of the effect of induced ocular hypertension on regional and choroidal blood flow in man.","volume":"71","author":"Blumenthal","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R66-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(72)90450-3","article-title":"Retinal, choroidal, and papillary circulations under conditions of induced ocular hypertension.","volume":"73","author":"Archer","year":"1972","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R67-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01109-0","article-title":"Retinal oxygen saturation levels in patients with central retinal vein occlusion.","volume":"109","author":"Yoneya","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R68-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(70)93420-3","article-title":"Experimental retinal branch vein occlusion.","volume":"69","author":"Kohner","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R69-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.63.6.377","article-title":"Experimental retinal branch vein occlusion in rhesus monkeys. I. Clinical appearances.","volume":"63","author":"Hamilton","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R70-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-200306000-00026","article-title":"Retinal vasospasm in a case of impending central retinal vein occlusion.","volume":"23","author":"Catier","year":"2003","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"R71-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.44.4.193","article-title":"The central artery of the retina. I. Origin and course.","volume":"44","author":"Singh","year":"1960","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R72-1-20210130","first-page":"1000","article-title":"The concept of end arteries and diversion of blood flow.","volume":"4","author":"Hyman","year":"1965","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R73-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1990.3","article-title":"Microvascular study of the retrolaminar optic nerve in man: the possible significance in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.","volume":"4","author":"Olver","year":"1990","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"R74-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1159\/000309205","article-title":"A new technique for the anatomical study of the choroidal blood vessels.","volume":"184","author":"Ducournau","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"R75-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00918861","article-title":"Combined central retinal artery\u2013central vein obstruction.","volume":"17","author":"Brown","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R76-1-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2232010423","article-title":"Combined central retinal arterial and venous obstruction: emergency ophthalmic arterial fibrinolysis.","volume":"223","author":"Vall\u00e9e","year":"2002","journal-title":"Radiology"}],"container-title":["Retina"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00006982-200911000-00001","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]],"date-time":"2021-04-14T02:18:51Z","timestamp":1618366731000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00006982-200911000-00001"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/iae.0b013e3181b85f41","relation":{},"ISSN":["0275-004X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0275-004X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]}}}