{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T18:41:05Z","timestamp":1780684865064,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We describe a case of nontraumatic macular hole in a pediatric patient associated with numerous epiretinal lesions throughout the macula.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A healthy 9-year-old girl presented to retina clinic with several months of blurry vision in the right eye. Clinically, there was a full-thickness macular hole with serous detachment and white epiretinal tufts. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography confirmed the presence of the full-thickness macular hole with hyperreflective epiretinal proliferations in the right eye and an unremarkable left eye. Systemic workup was negative. After a short period of observation, the patient underwent vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peel and 14% C3F8 gas tamponade in the right eye. Multiple intraoperative samples were sent for further testing, which were also negative.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At 1- and 12 months\/1 year postoperative visits, examination showed successful closure of the full-thickness macular hole with resolution of the subretinal fluid and improved VA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nontraumatic macular holes in pediatric patients warrant systemic and ocular workup, including fluorescein angiography and laboratory testing. Good anatomic and visual outcomes are generally seen with spontaneous and surgical closures of macular holes in this age group. Early vitrectomy with histologic analysis of ocular samples should be considered in pediatric macular hole cases associated with vitreoretinal traction, especially those with epiretinal abnormalities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/icb.0000000000001663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]],"date-time":"2024-10-14T19:00:10Z","timestamp":1728932410000},"page":"730-735","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["PEDIATRIC MACULAR HOLE ASSOCIATED WITH VITREORETINAL TRACTION ON EPIRETINAL LESIONS: A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Reeda Bou","family":"Said","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica A.","family":"Kraker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Trejo-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diva R.","family":"Salomao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, and"},{"name":"Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8806-1438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brittni A.","family":"Scruggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20251028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_354_19","article-title":"Pediatric idiopathic macular hole\u2014a case report and review of literature","volume":"68","author":"Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R2-20251028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.09.014","article-title":"Etiologies, characteristics, and management of pediatric macular hole","volume":"210","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R3-20251028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1177\/2474126419887555","article-title":"A Multicenter study of pediatric macular holes: surgical outcomes with microincisional vitrectomy surgery","volume":"4","author":"Kothari","year":"2020","journal-title":"J VitreoRetinal Dis"},{"key":"R4-20251028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-200108000-00020","article-title":"Spontaneous closure of traumatic macular hole","volume":"21","author":"Mitamura","year":"2001","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"R5-20251028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1159\/000350543","article-title":"Management of pediatric traumatic macular holes\u2014case report","volume":"4","author":"Azevedo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Case Rep Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R6-20251028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S290404","article-title":"Results of pars plana vitrectomy for different types of macular holes","volume":"15","author":"Ghoraba","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R7-20251028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-27492008000400022","article-title":"Management of traumatic macular holes: case report","volume":"71","author":"Brasil","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arq Bras Oftalmol"},{"key":"R8-20251028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-023-00674-4","article-title":"Clinical features and possible origin of preretinal deposits in different ocular diseases and events: a narrative review","volume":"12","author":"Cheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Ther"},{"key":"R9-20251028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-019-1244-9","article-title":"A comprehensive monocentric ophthalmic study with Gaucher disease type 3 patients: vitreoretinal lesions, retinal atrophy and characterization of abnormal saccades","volume":"14","author":"Hopf","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"R10-20251028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.3928\/23258160-20140806-03","article-title":"Prefoveal vitreous condensation in chronic inflammation","volume":"45","author":"Paulus","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina"}],"container-title":["RETINAL Cases &amp; Brief Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/ICB.0000000000001663","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T14:00:48Z","timestamp":1761660048000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/ICB.0000000000001663"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/icb.0000000000001663","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-1089"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-1089","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}}}