{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:31:33Z","timestamp":1786120293973,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Supplement 1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/ico.0b013e318269cb99","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,3]],"date-time":"2012-10-03T11:42:01Z","timestamp":1349264521000},"page":"S32-S36","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Choice of Artificial Tear Formulation for Patients With Dry Eye"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Louis","family":"Tong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Petznick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SzeYee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70081-2","article-title":"The definition and classification of dry eye disease: report of the Definition and Classification Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye WorkShop (2007).","volume":"5","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"R2-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(85)33967-2","article-title":"Staging of conjunctival squamous metaplasia by impression cytology.","volume":"92","author":"Tseng","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R3-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1080\/09286580600801044","article-title":". The annual cost of dry eye syndrome in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom among patients managed by ophthalmologists.","volume":"13","author":"Clegg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"key":"R4-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70082-4","article-title":"The epidemiology of dry eye disease: report of the Epidemiology Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye WorkShop (2007).","volume":"5","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"R5-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(98)96016-X","article-title":". The epidemiology of dry eye in Melbourne, Australia.","volume":"105","author":"McCarty","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R6-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.118.6.819","article-title":". Causes of blindness and visual impairment in a population of older Americans: the Salisbury Eye Evaluation Study.","volume":"118","author":"Munoz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R7-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(03)00218-6","article-title":". Prevalence of dry eye syndrome among US women.","volume":"136","author":"Schaumberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R8-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-1392","article-title":"Tear film, contact lens, and patient-related factors associated with contact lens-related dry eye.","volume":"47","author":"Nichols","year":"2006","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R9-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0717-8_143","article-title":"The effect of hormone replacement therapy on the symptoms and physiologic parameters of dry eye.","volume":"506","author":"Mathers","year":"2002","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"R10-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2009.103","article-title":". Prevalence of dry eye disease among US men: estimates from the Physicians Health Studies.","volume":"127","author":"Schaumberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R11-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)61413-5","article-title":". An evaluation of the ocular drying effects of 2 systemic antihistamines: loratadine and cetirizine hydrochloride.","volume":"93","author":"Ousler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"R12-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2004.01.020","article-title":"Survey of complications and recommendations for management in dissatisfied patients seeking a consultation after refractive surgery.","volume":"30","author":"Jabbur","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R13-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2906","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-4850","article-title":". The relationship between demodex and ocular discomfort.","volume":"51","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R14-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-9071.2003.00634.x","article-title":". Prevalence and associations of dry eye syndrome in an older population: the Blue Mountains Eye Study.","volume":"31","author":"Chia","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Experiment Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R15-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.02.026","article-title":". Prevalence and risk factors of dry eye syndrome in a United States Veterans Affairs population.","volume":"152","author":"Galor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R16-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(01)01365-4","article-title":". Impaired functional visual acuity of dry eye patients.","volume":"133","author":"Goto","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R17-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2010.67","article-title":". Impact of symptomatic dry eye on vision-related daily activities: the Singapore Malay Eye Study.","volume":"24","author":"Tong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"R18-6-20210204","first-page":"33","article-title":"Assessment of indoor air problems at work with a questionnaire.","volume":"61","author":"Reijula","year":"2004","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"R19-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1185\/030079906X132640","article-title":"Increasing importance of dry eye syndrome and the ideal artificial tear: consensus views from a roundtable discussion.","volume":"22","author":"Asbell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"R20-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2003.10.036","article-title":"Antiinflammatory therapy for dry eye.","volume":"137","author":"Pflugfelder","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R21-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.9.8.1431","article-title":". Hydroxypropyl-guar gellable lubricant eye drops for dry eye treatment.","volume":"9","author":"Petricek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"R22-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2009.10.005","article-title":". Effect of castor oil emulsion eyedrops on tear film composition and stability.","volume":"33","author":"Maissa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cont Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"R23-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-5359-5_100","article-title":"Classification of artificial tears. II: additives and commercial formulas.","volume":"438","author":"Murube","year":"1998","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"R24-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2009.00683.x","article-title":"Efficacy of different dry eye treatments with artificial tears or ocular lubricants: a systematic review.","volume":"29","author":"Doughty","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"R25-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2932","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-1991","article-title":". Nourish and nurture: development of a nutrient ocular lubricant.","volume":"50","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R26-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-0938.2009.00373.x","article-title":"Comparison of two artificial tear formulations using aberrometry.","volume":"92","author":"Berger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"R27-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1097\/01.OPX.0000162646.30666.E3","article-title":". Short-term effects of artificial tears on visual performance in normal subjects.","volume":"82","author":"Ridder","year":"2005","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"R28-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02169786","article-title":"Influence of artificial tears on corneal epithelium in dry-eye syndrome.","volume":"227","author":"Gobbels","year":"1989","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R29-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000116526.57227.82","article-title":"Corneal and conjunctival changes caused by commonly used glaucoma medications.","volume":"23","author":"Noecker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"R30-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.86.4.418","article-title":"Prevalence of ocular symptoms and signs with preserved and preservative free glaucoma medication.","volume":"86","author":"Pisella","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R31-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1080\/15569520902995834","article-title":". Ocular preservatives: associated risks and newer options.","volume":"28","author":"Kaur","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cutan Ocul Toxicol"},{"key":"R32-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.3109\/02713689109013856","article-title":"Quantitative evaluation of the corneal epithelial barrier: effect of artificial tears and preservatives.","volume":"10","author":"Lopez Bernal","year":"1991","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"R33-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4557","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-4596","article-title":". Tear osmolarity as a biomarker for dry eye disease severity.","volume":"51","author":"Suzuki","year":"2010","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R35-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70086-1","article-title":"Research in dry eye: report of the Research Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye WorkShop (2007).","volume":"5","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"R36-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(92)31929-3","article-title":"An electrolyte-based solution that increases corneal glycogen and conjunctival goblet-cell density in a rabbit model for keratoconjunctivitis sicca.","volume":"99","author":"Gilbard","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R37-6-20210204","first-page":"S227","article-title":"Effect of carmellose-based artificial tears on the ocular surface in eyes after laser in situ keratomileusis.","volume":"15","author":"Lenton","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"R38-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2010.01.001","article-title":"Role of hypo-osmotic saline drops in ocular comfort during contact lens wear.","volume":"33","author":"Stahl","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cont Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"R39-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318180e55c","article-title":"Effect of hypotonic 0.4 hyaluronic acid drops in dry eye patients: a cross-over study.","volume":"27","author":"Troiano","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"R40-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.71.2.161","article-title":"Effect of osmolarity of artificial tear drops on relief of dry eye symptoms: BJ6 and beyond.","volume":"71","author":"Wright","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R41-6-20210204","first-page":"51","article-title":"Do artificial tears have an adequate pH Contactologia.","volume":"21","author":"Lopez-Alemany","year":"1999","journal-title":""},{"key":"R42-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.1988.tb04368.x","article-title":"Tear fluid pH in normals, contact lens wearers, and pathological cases.","volume":"66","author":"Norn","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh)"},{"key":"R43-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1076\/ceyr.16.5.482.7050","article-title":". Fluorophotometric measurement of pH of human tears in vivo.","volume":"16","author":"Yamada","year":"1997","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"R44-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.1991.tb01997.x","article-title":". Tear film profile in dry eye.","volume":"69","author":"Khurana","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh)"},{"key":"R45-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e3181f7f363","article-title":"The economic burden of dry eye disease in the United States: a decision tree analysis.","volume":"30","author":"Yu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"R46-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V35N6p400","article-title":". Characterisation of human tear proteins using high-resolution mass spectrometry.","volume":"35","author":"Zhou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singapore"},{"key":"R47-6-20210204","first-page":"649","article-title":"Compliance with and typical usage of artificial tears in dry eye conditions.","volume":"69","author":"Swanson","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Optom Assoc"},{"key":"R48-6-20210204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1089\/10807680260362687","article-title":"Causes of non-compliance with drug regimens in glaucoma patients: a qualitative study.","volume":"18","author":"Taylor","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Ocul Pharmacol Ther"}],"container-title":["Cornea"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00003226-201211001-00006","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T20:16:56Z","timestamp":1786047416000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00003226-201211001-00006"}},"subtitle":["Where Do We Start?"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Supplement 1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ico.0b013e318269cb99","relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-3740"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-3740","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}}}