{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T21:00:55Z","timestamp":1792098055998,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,11]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/icu.0b013e3283126d20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,14]],"date-time":"2008-10-14T03:09:39Z","timestamp":1223953779000},"page":"535-540","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Immunosuppressive therapy for ocular diseases"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Aliza","family":"Jap","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soon-Phaik","family":"Chee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)92381-7","article-title":"Double-masked trial of cyclosporine versus colchicine and long-term open study of cyclosporine in Behcet's disease","volume":"1","author":"Masuda","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R2-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199002013220501","article-title":"A controlled trial of azathioprine in Behcet's syndrome","volume":"322","author":"Yazici","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R3-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e3282f03d42","article-title":"Biologics in the treatment of uveitis","volume":"18","author":"Imrie","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R4-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2006.01225.x","article-title":"Biologic therapies for inflammatory eye disease","volume":"34","author":"Lim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Experiment Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R5-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.125.7.895","article-title":"Infliximab therapy for the treatment of refractory ocular inflammatory disease","volume":"125","author":"Sobrin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R6-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kem034","article-title":"Anti-TNF therapy in the management of Behcet's disease: review and basis for recommendations","volume":"46","author":"Sfikakis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"R7-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kem101","article-title":"Long-term efficacy of infliximab in refractory posterior uveitis of Behcet's disease: a 24-month follow-up study","volume":"46","author":"Niccoli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"R8-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-006-0425-y","article-title":"Infliximab treatment for ocular and extraocular manifestations of Behcet's disease","volume":"51","author":"Accorinti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R9-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-140-5-200403020-00025","article-title":"Infliximab for recurrent, sight-threatening ocular inflammation in Adamantiades-Behcet's disease","volume":"140","author":"Sfikakis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"R10-14-20210206","first-page":"1362","article-title":"Efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of multiple administration of infliximab in Behcet's disease with refractory uveoretinitis","volume":"31","author":"Ohno","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"R11-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2478","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21231","article-title":"Efficacy of infliximab in the treatment of uveitis that is refractory to treatment with the combination of azathioprine, cyclosporine, and corticosteroids in Behcet's disease: an open-label trial","volume":"52","author":"Tugal-Tutkun","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R12-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6702352","article-title":"Adalimumab for sight-threatening uveitis in Behcet's disease","volume":"21","author":"Mushtaq","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"R13-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.04.038","article-title":"Differential effectiveness of etanercept and infliximab in the treatment of ocular inflammation","volume":"113","author":"Galor","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R14-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2004.12.034","article-title":"Initial evaluation of subcutaneous daclizumab treatments for noninfectious uveitis: a multicenter noncomparative interventional case series","volume":"112","author":"Nussenblatt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R15-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2007.49","article-title":"Daclizumab for treatment of birdshot chorioretinopathy","volume":"126","author":"Sobrin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R16-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1080\/09273940701299370","article-title":"A double-masked, randomized study to investigate the safety and efficacy of daclizumab to treat the ocular complications related to Behcet's disease","volume":"15","author":"Buggage","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"key":"R17-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.87.10.1264","article-title":"T-bet expression is up-regulated in active Behcet's disease","volume":"87","author":"Li","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R18-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.03.050","article-title":"Interferon-\u03b1 as an effective treatment for noninfectious posterior uveitis and panuveitis","volume":"144","author":"Plskova","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R19-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2006.101550","article-title":"Efficacy of interferon alpha in the treatment of refractory and sight threatening uveitis: a retrospective monocentric study of 45 patients","volume":"91","author":"Bodaghi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R20-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2007.124081","article-title":"Biological response modifier therapy for refractory childhood uveitis","volume":"91","author":"Gallagher","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R21-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.08.018","article-title":"Infliximab to treat chronic noninfectious uveitis in children: retrospective case series with long-term follow-up","volume":"144","author":"Ardoin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R22-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2006.04.058","article-title":"Adalimumab therapy for childhood uveitis","volume":"149","author":"Vazquez-Cobian","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"R23-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2006.103721","article-title":"Adalimumab in the therapy of uveitis in childhood","volume":"91","author":"Biester","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R24-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.058248","article-title":"Infliximab and etanercept in the treatment of chronic uveitis associated with refractory juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"66","author":"Tynj\u00e4l\u00e4","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R25-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kel030","article-title":"Tumour necrosis factor \u03b1 inhibitors in the treatment of childhood uveitis","volume":"45","author":"Saurenmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"R26-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-007-0549-x","article-title":"Tuberculous uveitis after treatment with etanercept","volume":"245","author":"Fonollosa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R27-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2006.094698","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil in the treatment of uveitis in children","volume":"91","author":"Doycheva","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R28-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-005-0066-8","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil is a highly effective and safe immunosuppressive agent for the treatment of uveitis: a retrospective analysis of 106 patients","volume":"244","author":"Siepmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R29-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6700378","article-title":"Intraocular lymphoma: a series of 14 patients with clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes","volume":"17","author":"Hoffman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"R30-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1080\/10428190600632881","article-title":"Treatment of primary intraocular lymphoma with radiation therapy: a multiinstitutional survey in Japan","volume":"47","author":"Isobe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"R31-14-20210206","first-page":"711","article-title":"High-dose methotrexate for intraocular lymphoma","volume":"9","author":"Batchelor","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"R32-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2007.127928","article-title":"Intravitreal methotrexate for treating vitreoretnal lymphoma: 10 years of experience","volume":"92","author":"Frenkel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R33-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.05.022","article-title":"Efficacy of topical cyclosporine 0.05% for prevention of cornea transplant rejection episodes","volume":"113","author":"Price","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R34-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.05.077","article-title":"Long-term resolution of chronic dry eye symptoms and signs after topical cyclosporine treatment","volume":"114","author":"Wilson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R35-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318158f6dc","article-title":"Effects of sequential artificial tear and cyclosporine emulsion therapy on conjunctival goblet cell density and transforming growth factor-\u00df2 production","volume":"27","author":"Pflugfelder","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"R36-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e31812dfab3","article-title":"Management of severe allergic conjunctivitis with topical cyclosporine A 0.05% eyedrops","volume":"26","author":"Ozcan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"R37-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2006.097428","article-title":"Tacrolimus immunosuppression in high-risk corneal grafts","volume":"91","author":"Joseph","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R38-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000240091.11854.14","article-title":"Systemic tacrolimus in the treatment of severe atopic keratoconjunctivitis","volume":"25","author":"Stumpf","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"R39-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318159afbb","article-title":"Tacrolimus ointment 0.03% in the eye for treatment of giant papillary conjunctivitis","volume":"27","author":"Kymionis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"R40-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2006.00699.x","article-title":"Effect of 0.03% tacrolimus ointment on conjunctival cytology in patients with severe atopic blepharoconjunctivitis: a retrospective study","volume":"84","author":"Virtanen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol Scand"},{"key":"R41-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.04.027","article-title":"Immunosuppressive therapy for ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid: strategies and outcomes","volume":"115","author":"Saw","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R42-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1080\/09286580701585892","article-title":"Methods for identifying long-term adverse effects of treatment in patients with eye diseases: the Systemic Immunosuppressive Therapy for Eye Diseases (SITE) Cohort Study","volume":"15","author":"Kempen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"key":"R43-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2006.11.001","article-title":"Kaposi's sarcoma in association with Behcet's disease: case report and literature review","volume":"36","author":"Mezalek","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R44-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2007.00915.x","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus retinitis following intravitreal injection of triamcinolone: report of two cases","volume":"85","author":"Delyfer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol Scand"},{"key":"R45-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2005.06.058","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus retinitis after intravitreous triamcinolone in an immunocompetent patient","volume":"140","author":"Saidel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R46-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2006.09.020","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus retinitis after fluocinolone acetonide (Retisert) implant","volume":"143","author":"Ufret-Vincenty","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R47-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0985","article-title":"A pharmacokinetic and safety evaluation of an episcleral cyclosporine implant for potential use in high-risk keratoplasty rejection","volume":"48","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R48-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2007.0059","article-title":"Preliminary study of the effect of FK506 (tacrolimus) nanospheric-suspension eye drops on rejection of penetrating keratoplasy","volume":"24","author":"Fei","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Ocul Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"R49-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3339","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-1425","article-title":"Sustained intraocular rapamycin delivery effectively prevents high-risk corneal allograft rejection and neovascularization in rabbits","volume":"47","author":"Shi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R50-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1080\/02713680701528674","article-title":"Methotrexate delivery to the eye using transscleral hydrogel iontophoresis","volume":"32","author":"Eljarrat-Binstock","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"R51-14-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1211\/jpp.59.5.0002","article-title":"Cyclodextrin microparticles for drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye: aqueous dexamethasone eye drops","volume":"59","author":"Loftsson","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["Current Opinion in Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/ICU.0b013e3283126d20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T17:04:43Z","timestamp":1786035883000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00055735-200811000-00014"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,11]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/icu.0b013e3283126d20","relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-8738"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-8738","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,11]]}}}