{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T15:53:55Z","timestamp":1777737235079,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,1]],"date-time":"2009-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Innovations\ufffd(Phila)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The right gastroepiploic artery (GEA) is a reliable conduit for coronary artery bypass grafting. Recently, ultrasonic skeletonization in graft harvesting has attracted attention as an alternative technique to increase the length and caliber size of grafts. The influence of GEA skeletonization using an ultrasonically activated device with that using an electrosurgical unit was compared from the viewpoint of production of nitric oxide (NO).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fourteen pigs were used in this study. The GEA were harvested using an ultrasonically activated device (group ultrasonically activated device [USAD], n = 7) or electrocautery (group E, n = 7). Blood sampling was performed at the following three times from the distal end of the GEA: (1) preskeletonization, (2) pedicle, and (3) postskeletonization. Plasma NO\n                      <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                      (NO metabolites) levels were measured by chemiluminescent assay. Moreover, in excised specimens, the expression of nitric oxide synthase was examined immunohistologically.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In group USAD, the preskeletonization basal level of plasmaNO\n                      <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                      in GEA was 25.7 \u00b1 10.9 \u03bcmol\/L, which then increased to 26.9 \u00b1 10.5 \u03bcmol\/L (pedicle) and 32.2 \u00b1 12.1 \u03bcmol\/L (postskeletonization). In group E, the preskeletonization basal plasma NO\n                      <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                      level in GEA was 28.9 \u00b1 11.4 \u03bcmol\/L, which changed to 27.5 \u00b1 8.9 \u03bcmol\/L (pedicle) and 21.8 \u00b1 8.3 \u03bcmol\/L (postskeletonization). The results of multivariate analysis indicated that the patterns of changes in plasma NO\n                      <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                      level were significantly different in both groups (P = 0.024). In group USAD, post hoc multiple comparison tests revealed a significant difference between preskeletonization and postskeletonization (P = 0.037).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ultrasonically skeletonized GEA showed increased effective graft length, higher free flow capacity, and increased endothelial NO production than that prepared using an electrosurgical unit.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/imi.0b013e3181a347cc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,21]],"date-time":"2009-05-21T19:03:46Z","timestamp":1242932626000},"page":"93-98","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effects of Ultrasonic Skeletonization of the Gastroepiploic Artery on Endothelial Nitric Oxide Production"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Takuro","family":"Terada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shigeyuki","family":"Tomita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshihide","family":"Asaumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshinao","family":"Koshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobuki","family":"Ishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Go","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.9.45"},{"key":"bibr2-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)34187-X"},{"key":"bibr3-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(02)03416-1"},{"key":"bibr4-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/096721099800600419"},{"key":"bibr5-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.97.24.2402"},{"key":"bibr6-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(94)70052-4"},{"key":"bibr7-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(96)00636-4"},{"key":"bibr8-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(94)70265-9"},{"key":"bibr9-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-7940(05)80009-0"},{"key":"bibr10-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2003.10.101"},{"key":"bibr11-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(99)00282-9"},{"key":"bibr12-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(00)02660-6"},{"key":"bibr13-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(02)03974-7"},{"key":"bibr14-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.106"},{"key":"bibr15-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(00)02699-0"},{"key":"bibr16-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(02)03559-2"},{"key":"bibr17-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2000.110189"},{"key":"bibr18-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(98)00080-0"},{"key":"bibr19-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(95)70247-4"},{"key":"bibr20-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(98)00403-2"},{"key":"bibr21-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(02)03765-7"},{"key":"bibr22-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(00)02703-X"},{"key":"bibr23-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/288373a0"},{"key":"bibr24-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/327524a0"},{"key":"bibr25-imi.0b013e3181a347cc","first-page":"616","volume":"28","author":"Garg 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