{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T21:44:41Z","timestamp":1792014281580,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":183,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) defines a group of diseases, including Crohn\u2019s disease and ulcerative colitis, characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Evidence suggests that visceral adipose tissue, particularly its mesenteric component, influences the course of IBD through its immunomodulatory properties. Mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) is composed of multiple cell types, including adipocytes, preadipocytes, and immune cells, that collectively regulate energy balance and endocrine signaling. MAT is a unique fat depot as it directly connects along most of the intestinal serosa and harbors the arteries, veins, and lymph nodes that support intestinal function. MAT\u2019s placement at the intestinal barrier serves to contain microbial translocation and support the repair of intestinal epithelium. However, inflammation initiated by obesity or IBD renders it maladaptive, triggering an influx of immune cells that, in turn, release proinflammatory adipokines, cytokines, and chemokines, resulting in local and systemic metabolic effects. Clinical data strongly link the accumulation of inflammatory MAT in the pathology of Crohn\u2019s disease through the development of \u201ccreeping fat\", a fibrotic, immune-rich tissue that shields the inflamed bowel but can also exacerbate the condition. The inflammatory mediators produced by MAT and the mechanisms by which they aggravate IBD are not well understood. This review synthesizes recent advances in the understanding of the cellular complexity of MAT, emphasizing the bidirectional immune crosstalk between the intestine and the mesentery, and exploring how metabolic or microbial stress drives maladaptive transformation. Finally, we highlight therapeutic strategies that may preserve the reparative functions of MAT while limiting fibrogenic remodeling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/in9.0000000000000081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T05:00:22Z","timestamp":1778734822000},"page":"e00081","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mesenteric adipose tissue: from protective gatekeeper to driver of inflammatory bowel disease"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Christy M.","family":"Gliniak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"R1-20260514","first-page":"574","article-title":"Obesity, visceral fat and Crohn\u2019s disease.","volume":"13","author":"Bertin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"R2-20260514","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2015.150","article-title":"The global burden of IBD: from 2015 to 2025.","volume":"12","author":"Kaplan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"10114","key":"R3-20260514","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2769","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32448-0","article-title":"Worldwide incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century: a systematic review of population-based 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