{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T15:26:35Z","timestamp":1781191595019,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>As one of the most frequent and serious adverse reactions during tuberculosis (TB) treatment, antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ATLI) in children has been studied insufficiently compared with adults. We aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors of ATLI in children during the first 2 months of TB therapy.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A total of 41 children with TB and treated with first-line anti-TB drugs were prospectively followed-up for the development of ATLI. Liver function tests were performed at baseline and after 2 weeks of therapy. Subsequent tests were conducted at 4, 6 and 8 weeks if the initial 2-week measurement was abnormal or if symptoms of hepatotoxicity were reported.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>ATLI was detected in 11 (27%) patients within 14 to 42 days from the start of therapy, with most of them (54%) occurred after 2 weeks. TB treatment was stopped immediately in 6 of 11 patients who developed ATLI, and no recurrent hepatotoxicity after drug reintroductions in these patients. Univariate analysis showed that ATLI was significantly associated with TB meningitis (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01), hypoalbuminemia (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) and hepatotoxic comedications (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). Age, sex, nutritional status, HIV status and baseline liver function abnormalities were not associated with ATLI. Multivariate analysis identified hypoalbuminemia and hepatotoxic comedications (both <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.1) tend to be independently associated with ATLI.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Children with hypoalbuminemia and use of hepatotoxic comedications are suggested to be monitored closely for the development of ATLI.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/inf.0000000000002192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,26]],"date-time":"2018-09-26T21:35:18Z","timestamp":1537997718000},"page":"50-53","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Antituberculosis Drug-induced Liver Injury in Children"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Fajri","family":"Gafar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helmi","family":"Arifin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusri D.","family":"Jurnalis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicines, Department of Child Health, M. Djamil Hospital, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Finny F.","family":"Yani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicines, Department of Child Health, M. Djamil Hospital, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Najmiatul","family":"Fitria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan-Willem C.","family":"Alffenaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bob","family":"Wilffert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of 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