{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T03:52:38Z","timestamp":1788580358540,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is frequently complicated by skin infection, which can lead to bacteremia. However, bloodstream infections (BSI) in patients with EB have not been well described.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Retrospective study of BSI in children 0\u201318 years with EB from a national reference unit in Spain, in 2015\u20132020.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Among 126 children with EB, we identified 37 BSI episodes in 15 patients (14 recessive dystrophic EB, 1 junctional EB). The most frequent microorganisms were <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> (n = 12) and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> (n = 11). Five <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> isolates were ceftazidime-resistant (42%), 4 of which were also resistant to meropenem and quinolones (33%). As for <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>, 4 (36%) were methicillin-resistant and 3 (27%) clindamycin-resistant. In 25 (68%) BSI episodes skin cultures had been performed in the previous 2 months. The most frequent isolates were also <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> (n = 15) and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic> (n = 11). In 13 cases (52%), smear and blood cultures grew the same microorganism, with the same antimicrobial resistance pattern in 9 isolates. Twelve patients (10%) died during follow-up (9 RDEB and 3 JEB). BSI was the cause of death in 1 case. In patients with severe RDEB, a history of BSI was associated with higher mortality (OR 6.1, 95% CI: 1.33\u201327.83, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0197).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>BSI is an important cause of morbidity in children with severe forms of EB. The most frequent microorganisms are <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>, with high rates of antimicrobial resistance. Skin cultures can help guide treatment decisions in patients with EB and sepsis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/inf.0000000000003871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T18:13:24Z","timestamp":1676571204000},"page":"510-514","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Bloodstream Infection in Children With Epidermolysis Bullosa"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Garc\u00eda-Espinosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8756-7020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"del Rosal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics and Infectious Disease Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Translational Research Network of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER U767, Carlos III Health Institute), Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc\u00eda","family":"Quintana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roc\u00edo","family":"Maseda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Grasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics and Infectious Disease Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Translational Research 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Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"M\u00e9ndez-Echevarr\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics and Infectious Disease Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Translational Research Network of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"CIBERINFEC, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco Javier","family":"Aracil Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics and Infectious Disease Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis Alfonso","family":"Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics and Infectious Disease Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, 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