{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T09:40:48Z","timestamp":1790674848179,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/mcg.0b013e31820abf29","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,23]],"date-time":"2011-02-23T08:17:17Z","timestamp":1298449037000},"page":"602-610","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Alteration of Local Microflora and \u03b1-defensins Hyper-production in Colonic Adenoma Mucosa"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Cristiano","family":"Pagnini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vito D.","family":"Corleto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Luisa","family":"Mangoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Pilozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Simona","family":"Torre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodolfo","family":"Marchese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Carnuccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilio Di","family":"Giulio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianfranco Delle","family":"Fave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.56.2.106","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2006.","volume":"56","author":"Jemal","year":"2006","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"R2-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.06.026","article-title":"Screening, surveillance, and primary prevention for colorectal cancer: a review of the recent literature.","volume":"135","author":"Kahi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R3-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1309\/87BD0C6UCGUG236J","article-title":"Serrated pathway and APC (conventional)-type colorectal polyps: molecular-morphologic correlations, genetic pathways, and implications for classification.","volume":"125","author":"Goldstein","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"R4-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1517\/14728222.9.6.1217","article-title":"Exploring the tumour environment: cancer-associated fibroblasts as targets in cancer therapy.","volume":"9","author":"Micke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Expert Opin Ther Targets"},{"key":"R5-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/0027-5107(93)90034-D","article-title":"Roles of endogenous substances and bacteria in colorectal cancer.","volume":"290","author":"Roberton","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"key":"R6-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12489-0","article-title":"Gut flora in health and disease.","volume":"361","author":"Guarner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R7-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1104816","article-title":"Host-bacterial mutualism in the human intestine.","volume":"307","author":"Backhed","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R8-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2005.02980.x","article-title":"The role of microorganisms in atopic dermatitis.","volume":"144","author":"Baker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"R9-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2006.00431.x","article-title":"Immune privilege in the gut: the establishment and maintenance of non-responsiveness to dietary antigens and commensal flora.","volume":"213","author":"Iweala","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"R10-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.11.059","article-title":"Microbial influences in inflammatory bowel diseases.","volume":"134","author":"Sartor","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R11-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1038\/4441022a","article-title":"Microbial ecology: human gut microbes associated with obesity.","volume":"444","author":"Ley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R12-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsec.2005.01.003","article-title":"Modulation of the microbial ecology of the human colon by probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics to enhance human health: an overview of enabling science and potential applications.","volume":"52","author":"Rastall","year":"2005","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Ecol"},{"key":"R13-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2576S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/137.11.2576S","article-title":"Dietary modulation of colon cancer risk.","volume":"137","author":"Kim","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"R14-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1499","article-title":"War and peace at mucosal surfaces.","volume":"4","author":"Sansonetti","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"R15-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2004.07.002","article-title":"Recognition of commensal microflora by toll-like receptors is required for intestinal homeostasis.","volume":"118","author":"Rakoff-Nahoum","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"R16-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1206","article-title":"Mammalian defensins in the antimicrobial immune response.","volume":"6","author":"Selsted","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"R17-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-5890(03)00157-3","article-title":"Alpha-defensins in the gastrointestinal tract.","volume":"40","author":"Cunliffe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"R18-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2007.04.002","article-title":"Paneth cells, defensins, and the commensal microbiota: a hypothesis on intimate interplay at the intestinal mucosa.","volume":"19","author":"Salzman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"R19-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0910307107","article-title":"Probiotics promote gut health through stimulation of epithelial innate immunity.","volume":"107","author":"Pagnini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R20-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46498-0","article-title":"The bacteriology of biopsies differs between newly diagnosed, untreated, Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis patients.","volume":"55","author":"Bibiloni","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"R21-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18129","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0505256102","article-title":"Reduced Paneth cell alpha-defensins in ileal Crohns disease.","volume":"102","author":"Wehkamp","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R22-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2005.06.003","article-title":"Human defensin gene copy number polymorphisms: comprehensive analysis of independent variation in alpha- and beta-defensin regions at 8p22-p23.","volume":"86","author":"Linzmeier","year":"2005","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"R23-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1078\/072320203322346128","article-title":"Quantitative detection of probiotic Bifidobacterium strains in bacterial mixtures by using real-time PCR.","volume":"26","author":"Vitali","year":"2003","journal-title":"Syst Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"R24-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.04.020","article-title":"Molecular quantification of lactic acid bacteria in fermented milk products using real-time quantitative PCR.","volume":"97","author":"Furet","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Food Microbiol"},{"key":"R25-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1983.tb01465.x","article-title":"Insect immunity. Attacins, a family of antibacterial proteins from Hyalophora cecropia.","volume":"2","author":"Hultmark","year":"1983","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"R26-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.1998.00407.x","article-title":"Experimental infections of Rana esculenta with Aeromonas hydrophila : a molecular mechanism for the control of the normal flora.","volume":"48","author":"Simmaco","year":"1998","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"R27-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2049","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.03.008","article-title":"Human alpha-defensins inhibit Clostridium difficile toxin B.","volume":"134","author":"Giesemann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R28-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.22.012703.104603","article-title":"Multiple roles of antimicrobial defensins, cathelicidins, and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin in host defense.","volume":"22","author":"Yang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"R29-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.03.013","article-title":"Detection of colorectal disease by stool defensin assay: an exploratory study.","volume":"5","author":"Zou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"R30-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8260","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M410054200","article-title":"Identification of defensin alpha6 as a potential biomarker in colon adenocarcinoma.","volume":"280","author":"Nam","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"R31-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-5-8","article-title":"Upregulated expression of human neutrophil peptides 1, 2 and 3 (HNP 1-3) in colon cancer serum and tumours: a biomarker study.","volume":"5","author":"Albrethsen","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"R32-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.05.014","article-title":"Discovery and identification of alpha-defensins as low abundant, tumor-derived serum markers in colorectal cancer.","volume":"129","author":"Melle","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R33-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1155\/2008\/693937","article-title":"Human neutrophil peptides 1-3--: early markers in development of colorectal adenomas and carcinomas.","volume":"25","author":"Mothes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dis Markers"},{"key":"R34-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.2000.00696.x","article-title":"Differential expression of human alpha- and beta-defensins mRNA in gastrointestinal epithelia.","volume":"30","author":"Frye","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"R35-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2006.08.083","article-title":"Paneth cell antimicrobial peptides: topographical distribution and quantification in human gastrointestinal tissues.","volume":"580","author":"Wehkamp","year":"2006","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"R36-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.48.2.176","article-title":"Human defensin 5 is stored in precursor form in normal Paneth cells and is expressed by some villous epithelial cells and by metaplastic Paneth cells in the colon in inflammatory bowel disease.","volume":"48","author":"Cunliffe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"R37-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.55.4.298","article-title":"Expression of antimicrobial neutrophil defensins in epithelial cells of active inflammatory bowel disease mucosa.","volume":"55","author":"Cunliffe","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"R38-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1177\/153537020422900702","article-title":"Commensal bacteria, redox stress, and colorectal cancer: mechanisms and models.","volume":"229","author":"Huycke","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med (Maywood)"},{"key":"R40-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/132.5.1012","article-title":"The effects of short-chain fatty acids on human colon cancer cell phenotype are associated with histone hyperacetylation.","volume":"132","author":"Hinnebusch","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"R41-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-006-0092-x","article-title":"The effects of short-chain fatty acids on colon epithelial proliferation and survival depend on the cellular phenotype.","volume":"132","author":"Comalada","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"key":"R42-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.51.6.842","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide modulation of normal enterocyte turnover by toll-like receptors is mediated by endogenously produced tumour necrosis factor alpha.","volume":"51","author":"Ruemmele","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"R43-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN20041289","article-title":"Intestinal immunity of rats with colon cancer is modulated by oligofructose-enriched inulin combined with Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium lactis.","volume":"92","author":"Roller","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"R45-9-20210305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1080\/00365510310000376","article-title":"Non-pathogenic bacteria modulate colonic epithelial gene expression in germ-free mice.","volume":"38","author":"Fukushima","year":"2003","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31820abf29","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]],"date-time":"2021-05-14T03:08:48Z","timestamp":1620961728000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00004836-201108000-00009"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mcg.0b013e31820abf29","relation":{},"ISSN":["0192-0790"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0192-0790","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]}}}