{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T15:03:40Z","timestamp":1791644620915,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"49","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639094400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes, including patient prognosis and medication expense, of proton pump inhibitors administered by high-dose continuous infusion (HDC, 80\u200amg loading dose, then 8\u200amg\/h for 72\u200ahours) or non-high-dose intermittent infusion (NHDI, 40\u200amg qd or 40\u200amg q12\u200ah, for 3\u200adays) regimens in high-risk patients with bleeding peptic ulcers.<\/jats:p>\n            <jats:p>In this retrospective cohort study, patients with peptic ulcers and endoscopic hemostasis between January, 2013 and December, 2015 were included. The primary endpoints were rebleeding and mortality rates within 7\u200adays. The secondary endpoints were length of stay (LOS), transfusion units of packed red blood cells (PRBCs), and the number needed to treat.<\/jats:p>\n            <jats:p>A total of 335 patients met the inclusion criteria during the 3-year follow-up period. The cumulative incidence of rebleeding within 7\u200adays was 20.4% and 11.2% in the HDC and NHDI groups, respectively, with a significant difference (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u200a=\u200a.021). The mortality rate was 12.1% and 7.3% in the HDC and NHDI groups, respectively, with no significant difference (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u200a=\u200a.136). Univariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis showed that the risk of rebleeding within 7\u200adays in the HDC group was higher than that in the NHDI group. The hazard ratio for HDC vs. NHDI was 1.93 (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u200a=\u200a.021). There were significant differences in LOS (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u200a=\u200a.034) and PRBC units (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u200a=\u200a.005) for risk of rebleeding within 7\u200adays, as well as in transfusion units of PRBCs for mortality rate analysis (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\u200a&lt;\u200a0.001), between the HDC and NHDI groups. The results showed that the NHDI regimen could reduce the risk of rebleeding within 7\u200adays in 1 of 11 patients (number needed to treat\u200a=\u200a11) and could reduce medication cost by US$ 400 to 800.<\/jats:p>\n            <jats:p>The NHDI regimen showed a lower risk of rebleeding within 7\u200adays, shorter LOS, and fewer PRBC units than that of the HDC regimen. Receiving NHDI has better cost-effective outcomes than that of HDC for patients with high-risk bleeding peptic ulcers.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000028064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T13:07:07Z","timestamp":1639141627000},"page":"e28064","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Cost-effectiveness and clinical outcomes of intermittent\/continuous proton pump inhibitors infusion in high bleeding risk of ulcers"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Hui-Hsia","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5205-4567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tien-Yuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Hua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mann-Jen","family":"Hour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 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peptic ulcer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"170","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"R13-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2009.05939.x","article-title":"Optimal dose of intravenous pantoprazole in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding requiring endoscopic hemostasis in Korea","volume":"24","author":"Choi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"R14-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2008.08.044","article-title":"Predicting mortality in patients with bleeding peptic ulcers after therapeutic endoscopy","volume":"7","author":"Chiu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"R15-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.05.006","article-title":"High incidence of mortality and recurrent bleeding in patients with 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