{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T04:01:39Z","timestamp":1746417699487,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"25","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]],"date-time":"2022-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656028800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study evaluated the incidence rate and risk factors for developing myopia in elementary school students in Chiayi, Taiwan. This prospective cohort study comprised 1816 students without myopia (grades 1 to 5 in Chiayi County). The students underwent a noncycloplegic ocular alignment examinations using an autorefractometer and completed a questionnaires at baseline and at a 1-year follow-up. A univariate logistic regression was used to assess the effects of the categorical variables on new cases of myopia. A multinomial logistic regression was then conducted. A chi-squared test was used to compare new cases of myopia in terms of ocular alignment. A Cox hazard ratio model was then used to validate factors associated with changes in ocular alignment. A <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> value of &lt;.05 was considered significant. In 370 participants with new cases of myopia out of 1816 participants, a spherical error of \u22121.51\u200a\u00b1\u200a0.6 diopters was noted at follow-up. The baseline ocular alignment was not a significant risk factor for developing myopia (exophoria vs orthophoria: OR 1.26, 95% CI 0.97\u20131.62; other vs. orthophoria: OR 1.15, 95% CI 0.73\u20131.82). However, new cases of myopia (HR 1.36, 95% CI 1.14\u20131.61), and baseline ocular alignment (exophoria vs orthophoria: HR 3.76, 95% CI 3.20\u20134.42; other vs orthophoria: HR 3.02, 95% CI 2.05\u20134.45) were associated with exophoria at follow-up. This study provided epidemiological data on the incidence of myopia in elementary school students in Chiayi, Taiwan. It also demonstrated that physiological exophoria does not predispose patients to developing myopia.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000029482","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]],"date-time":"2022-06-27T12:04:31Z","timestamp":1656331471000},"page":"e29482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Physiological exophoria did not increase the incidence of myopia in rural school children in Taiwan"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Jui-Hung","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-Ju","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Universal Eye Center, Chia-Yi, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao-Hsin","family":"Tung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research and Education, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Hsiu","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V33N1p27","article-title":"Prevalence of myopia in Taiwanese schoolchildren: 1983 to 2000","volume":"33","author":"Lin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med, Singapore"},{"issue":"(Suppl 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